succomber

French

Etymology

From Old French, borrowed from Latin succumbere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sy.kɔ̃.be/

• Audio

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Verb

succomber

1. (transitive with à) to succumb

   Il succomba à une surdose. ― He succumbed to an overdose.

Conjugation

Conjugation of succomber (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	succomber
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	succombant /sy.kɔ̃.bɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		succombé /sy.kɔ̃.be/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	succombe /sy.kɔ̃b/	succombes /sy.kɔ̃b/	succombe /sy.kɔ̃b/	succombons /sy.kɔ̃.bɔ̃/	succombez /sy.kɔ̃.be/	succombent /sy.kɔ̃b/
	imperfect	succombais /sy.kɔ̃.bɛ/	succombais /sy.kɔ̃.bɛ/	succombait /sy.kɔ̃.bɛ/	succombions /sy.kɔ̃.bjɔ̃/	succombiez /sy.kɔ̃.bje/	succombaient /sy.kɔ̃.bɛ/
	past historic2	succombai /sy.kɔ̃.be/	succombas /sy.kɔ̃.ba/	succomba /sy.kɔ̃.ba/	succombâmes /sy.kɔ̃.bam/	succombâtes /sy.kɔ̃.bat/	succombèrent /sy.kɔ̃.bɛʁ/
	future	succomberai /sy.kɔ̃.bʁe/	succomberas /sy.kɔ̃.bʁa/	succombera /sy.kɔ̃.bʁa/	succomberons /sy.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/	succomberez /sy.kɔ̃.bʁe/	succomberont /sy.kɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/
	conditional	succomberais /sy.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/	succomberais /sy.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/	succomberait /sy.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/	succomberions /sy.kɔ̃.bə.ʁjɔ̃/	succomberiez /sy.kɔ̃.bə.ʁje/	succomberaient /sy.kɔ̃.bʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	succombe /sy.kɔ̃b/	succombes /sy.kɔ̃b/	succombe /sy.kɔ̃b/	succombions /sy.kɔ̃.bjɔ̃/	succombiez /sy.kɔ̃.bje/	succombent /sy.kɔ̃b/
	imperfect2	succombasse /sy.kɔ̃.bas/	succombasses /sy.kɔ̃.bas/	succombât /sy.kɔ̃.ba/	succombassions /sy.kɔ̃.ba.sjɔ̃/	succombassiez /sy.kɔ̃.ba.sje/	succombassent /sy.kɔ̃.bas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	succombe /sy.kɔ̃b/	—	succombons /sy.kɔ̃.bɔ̃/	succombez /sy.kɔ̃.be/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “succomber”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin succumbere, present active infinitive of succumbō.

Verb

succomber

1. (intransitive) to succumb
2. (transitive) to cause to succumb
3. (intransitive) to die
4. (intransitive) to bow

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-mb, *-mbs, *-mbt are modified to mp, ns, nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of succomber (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		succomber			avoir succombé
gerund		en succombant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		succombant
past participle		succombé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	succomp	succombes	succombe	succombons	succombez	succombent
	imperfect	succomboie, succombeie, succomboe, succombeve	succomboies, succombeies, succomboes, succombeves	succomboit, succombeit, succombot, succombeve	succombiiens, succombiens	succombiiez, succombiez	succomboient, succombeient, succomboent, succombevent
	preterite	succombai	succombas	succomba	succombames	succombastes	succomberent
	future	succomberai	succomberas	succombera	succomberons	succomberoiz, succombereiz, succomberez	succomberont
	conditional	succomberoie, succombereie	succomberoies, succombereies	succomberoit, succombereit	succomberiiens, succomberiens	succomberiiez, succomberiez	succomberoient, succombereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	succomp	succons	succont	succombons	succombez	succombent
	imperfect	succombasse	succombasses	succombast	succombissons, succombissiens	succombissoiz, succombissez, succombissiez	succombassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	succombe	—	succombons	succombez	—

Descendants

• French: succomber
• → English: succumb