सेतु

See also: सत्, सूत, and स्तृ

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सेतु (setu).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /seː.t̪uː/

Noun

सेतु • (setu) m (Urdu spelling سیتو)

1. bridge

Declension

Declension of सेतु (masc u-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सेतु setu	सेतु setu
oblique	सेतु setu	सेतुओं setuõ
vocative	सेतु setu	सेतुओ setuo

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• setu (Latin script)
• 𑀲𑁂𑀢𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• সেতু (Bengali script)
• සෙතු (Sinhalese script)
• သေတု (Burmese script)
• เสตุ (Thai script)
• ᩈᩮᨲᩩ (Tai Tham script)
• ເສຕຸ (Lao script)
• សេតុ (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄬𑄖𑄪 (Chakma script)

Noun

सेतु m

1. Devanagari script form of setu (“embankment”)

Declension

Declension table of "सेतु" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	सेतु (setu)	सेतवो (setavo) or सेतू (setū)
Accusative (second)	सेतुं (setuṃ)	सेतवो (setavo) or सेतू (setū)
Instrumental (third)	सेतुना (setunā)	सेतूहि (setūhi) or सेतूभि (setūbhi)
Dative (fourth)	सेतुस्स (setussa) or सेतुनो (setuno)	सेतूनं (setūnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	सेतुस्मा (setusmā) or सेतुम्हा (setumhā)	सेतूहि (setūhi) or सेतूभि (setūbhi)
Genitive (sixth)	सेतुस्स (setussa) or सेतुनो (setuno)	सेतूनं (setūnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	सेतुस्मिं (setusmiṃ) or सेतुम्हि (setumhi)	सेतूसु (setūsu)
Vocative (calling)	सेतु (setu)	सेतवे (setave) or सेतवो (setavo)

Verb

सेतु

1. Devanagari script form of setu, which is third-person singular imperative active of सेति (seti, “to sleep”)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• সেতু (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬾᬢᬸ (Balinese script)
• সেতু (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰸𑰝𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑁂𑀢𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• သေတု (Burmese script)
• સેતુ (Gujarati script)
• ਸੇਤੁ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑍇𑌤𑍁 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦺꦠꦸ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂵𑂞𑂳 (Kaithi script)
• ಸೇತು (Kannada script)
• សេតុ (Khmer script)
• ເສຕຸ (Lao script)
• സേതു (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᡝᢠᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘹𑘝𑘳 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠧᢐᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧚𑦽𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐾𑐟𑐸 (Newa script)
• ସେତୁ (Odia script)
• ꢱꢾꢡꢸ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆼𑆠𑆶 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖸𑖝𑖲 (Siddham script)
• සෙතු (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩔𑩫𑩒 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚲𑚙𑚰 (Takri script)
• ஸேது (Tamil script)
• సేతు (Telugu script)
• เสตุ (Thai script)
• སེ་ཏུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒹𑒞𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨄𑨙𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sHáytuš (“bridge, dam”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂éy-tu-s ~ *sh₂i-téw-s, from *sh₂ey- (“to bind”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎 (haētu, “bridge, dam”), Ossetian хид (xid, “bridge”), Latin saeta.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́j.tu/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪eː.t̪u/

Noun

सेतु • (sétu) stem, m

1. a bridge
   1. a dam
   2. a ridge of earth, mound, bank, causeway, dike
   3. any raised piece of ground separating fields (serving as a boundary or as a passage during inundations)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
2. a bond, fetter
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.73.4:

     सहस्रधारेऽव ते समस्वरन्दिवो नाके मधुजिह्वा असश्चतः।
     अस्य स्पशो न नि मिषन्ति भूर्णयः पदेपदे पाशिनः सन्ति सेतवः ॥

     sahasradhāreʼva te samasvarandivo nāke madhujihvā asaścataḥ.
     asya spaśo na ni miṣanti bhūrṇayaḥ padepade pāśinaḥ santi setavaḥ .

     Sweet-tongued, exhaustless, they have sent their voices down togetlier, in heaven's vault that pours a thousand streams.
     His wildly-restless warders never close an eye: in every place are found the bonds that bind man last.

3. a help to the understanding of a text, an explanatory commentary
4. an established institution, fixed rule

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of सेतु (sétu)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सेतुः sétuḥ	सेतू sétū	सेतवः sétavaḥ
Vocative	सेतो séto	सेतू sétū	सेतवः sétavaḥ
Accusative	सेतुम् sétum	सेतू sétū	सेतून् sétūn
Instrumental	सेतुना / सेत्वा¹ sétunā / sétvā¹	सेतुभ्याम् sétubhyām	सेतुभिः sétubhiḥ
Dative	सेतवे / सेत्वे¹ sétave / sétve¹	सेतुभ्याम् sétubhyām	सेतुभ्यः sétubhyaḥ
Ablative	सेतोः / सेत्वः¹ sétoḥ / sétvaḥ¹	सेतुभ्याम् sétubhyām	सेतुभ्यः sétubhyaḥ
Genitive	सेतोः / सेत्वः¹ sétoḥ / sétvaḥ¹	सेत्वोः sétvoḥ	सेतूनाम् sétūnām
Locative	सेतौ sétau	सेत्वोः sétvoḥ	सेतुषु sétuṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Adjective

सेतु • (setu)

1. binding
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

Borrowed terms

• Hindi: सेतु (setu)
• Bengali: সেতু (śetu)
• Kannada: ಸೇತುವೆ (sētuve)
• Savi: si
• Telugu: సేతువు (sētuvu)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: siw
  • Khowar: سیر (séer)
  • Torwali: سے (sē)
• Pali: setu
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀉 (seu)