Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karïnčga

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*karïnčga

1. (Oghuz) ant

   Synonyms: *kumursga, *čümeli

2. tick

Declension

Declension of *karïnčga

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*karïnčga
Accusative	*karïnčganï, *karïnčgag 4), *karïnčganïg 1)
Genitive	*karïnčganïŋ
Dative	*karïnčgaka
Locative	*karïnčgada
Ablative	*karïnčgadan
Allative	*karïnčgagaru
Instrumental 2)	*karïnčgan
Equative 2)	*karïnčgača
Similative 2)	*karïnčgalayu
Comitative 2)	*karïnčgalïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

• Oghuz: قَرِنْجَقْ (karınčak), قَرِنْجا (karınčā)
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: قارِنْجَ (qarïnja)
    • Azerbaijani: qarınca, qarışqa
    • Ottoman Turkish: قرنجه
      • Gagauz: karımca
      • Turkish: karınca
      • → Crimean Tatar: qarınca
  • Turkmen: garynja
• Karluk:
  • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (karïnčka)
• Siberian:
  • Khakas: харчых (xarçıx, “tick”)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 662
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*K(i)arɨnč-ɣa”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 501