Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yȫn

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yȫn

1. side
2. attitude
3. way (of doing something)

Declension

Declension of *yȫn

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*yȫn
Accusative	*yȫnni, *yȫnüg 4), *yȫnnig 1)
Genitive	*yȫnniŋ
Dative	*yȫnke
Locative	*yȫnte
Ablative	*yȫnten
Allative	*yȫngerü
Instrumental 2)	*yȫnün
Equative 2)	*yȫnče
Similative 2)	*yȫnleyü
Comitative 2)	*yȫnlügü

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Adjective

*yȫn

1. good, appropriate
2. correct
3. simple
4. bad, of poor quality
5. cheap

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Old Chuvash *ɕön, *ɕən
    • Western Mari: [script needed] (sən, “luck/happiness; usefulness”), ⇒ [script needed] (sənän, “good, useful”)
• Common Turkic: *yȫn

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: yön
    • Ottoman Turkish: یوڭ (yöñ)
      • Turkish: yön
  • ⇒ Turkmen: ýȫne (“simply”); ⇒ ýȫnelmek (“to head”); ⇒ ýȫnekeý (“crude, simple”)
• Karluk:
  • ⇒ Uzbek: yoʻnalmoq (“to head”), joʻn
  • ⇒ Uyghur: يۆنەلمەك (yönelmek, “to head”), جۆن (jön, “of poor quality; useful”)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: йүн (yün), ⇒ йүнәлеш (yünəleş)
    • Tatar: җүн (cün)
      • → Chuvash: йӳнӗ (jünĕ, “cheap”)
      • → Eastern Mari: йӧн (jön)
  • West Kipchak:
    • ⇒ Crimean Tatar: yönemek
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жөн (jön)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: jón
    • Kazakh: жөн (jön)

Reconstruction notes

The vowel length reconstruction relies solely on the Turkmen reflexes.