dzidrs

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Latvian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the same stem as gaišs (bright, light): Proto-Baltic *gīd- (with an extra syllable -ro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰəid-, *gʷʰīd-, *gʷʰid- (bright, shining). Cognates include Lithuanian giẽdras, gaidrùs (bright, clear), Ancient Greek φαιδρός (phaidrós, bright, clear, happy).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

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Adjective[edit]

dzidrs (definite dzidrais, comparative dzidrāks, superlative visdzidrākais, adverb dzidri)

  1. clear and transparent, also shiny
    dzidrs stiklsclear glass
    dzidrs avotsclear spring, source
    ledus bija plāns un dzidrs, tā ka tam cauri varēja redzētthe ice was thin and clear, so that one could see through it
    ezera ūdens ir dzidrs: var saskatīt dibenu, kaut gan dziļums sasniedz 20 metruthe lake water is clear: one can see the bottom, even though the depth reaches 20 meters
  2. clear, without fog, haze, clouds, without impurities
    debesis dzidras un skaidras, spīd saulethe sky is clear and clean, the sun is shining
    pelēkzilganās dūmu strūklas lēnām izzūd dzidrajā vasaras gaisāthe grayish-blue jets of smoke slowly disappeared in the clear summer air
    saule jau bija pakāpusies augstu, dienas solījās būt dzidra un siltathe sun had already risen high, the day was promising to be clear and warm
  3. (of eyes) clear, bright, limpid
    skatīties ar dzidrām acīmto watch with clear, limpid eyes
  4. (figuratively) clear, pure (without negative elements; nice, good)
    cik tīrs un dzidrs lauku cilvēka priekshow clean and clear (= pure) is the joy of a countryside person
    sirsnīgi valdzinošs, sievišķīgi poētisks un dzidrs ir Laimdotas tēlsthe (play) character Laimdota is sincerely captivating, femininely poetic and clear
  5. (of colors, light) clear, clean, pure (without admixture of other colors)
    dzidras, spektrālas krāsasclear, spectral colors
    zvaigžņu dzidrais mirdzumsthe clear shine of the stars
    debesis bija dzidri zilas un dziļas: nekur nevienas pelēksnējas svītrasthe sky was clear blue and deep: nowhere a single grayish stripe
  6. (of sounds, voices, musical instruments) high, sonorous, melodious
    dzidra flautaclear flute
    dzidrs zvansclear bell
    klausitāji apbrīnoja mūzikas instrumentu dzidro skanējumuthe audience admired the clear sound of the musical instruments
    putniņš skandina dzidrus, gaiša prieka pilnus treļļusthe little bird was singing clear trills, full of bright joy
    man palikusi prātā jūsu balss: dzidra, skanīga kā zvaniņšyour voice remained in my mind: as clear and sonorous as a little bell

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References[edit]

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “dzidrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN