ferrar

Asturian

Etymology

From fierru (“iron”) +‎ -ar, or from a Late Latin ferrāre, from Latin ferrum (“iron”). Compare Spanish herrar.

Verb

ferrar (first-person singular indicative present fierro, past participle ferráu)

1. to shoe (to put horseshoes on a horse)
2. (reflexive) to grab

Conjugation

Conjugation of ferrar

infinitive		ferrar
gerund		ferrando
past participle		m ferráu, f ferrada, n ferrao, m pl ferraos, f pl ferraes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	fierro	fierres	fierra	ferramos	ferráis	fierren
	imperfect	ferraba	ferrabes	ferraba	ferrábemos, ferrábamos	ferrabeis, ferrabais	ferraben
	preterite	ferré	ferrasti, ferresti	ferró	ferremos	ferrastis, ferrestis	ferraron
	pluperfect	ferrare, ferrara	ferrares, ferraras	ferrare, ferrara	ferráremos, ferráramos	ferrareis, ferrarais	ferraren, ferraran
	future	ferraré	ferrarás	ferrará	ferraremos	ferraréis	ferrarán
	conditional	ferraría	ferraríes	ferraría	ferraríemos, ferraríamos	ferraríeis, ferraríais	ferraríen
subjunctive	present	fierre	fierres, fierras	fierre	ferremos	ferréis	fierren, fierran
	imperfect	ferrare, ferrara	ferrares, ferraras	ferrare, ferrara	ferráremos, ferráramos	ferrareis, ferrarais	ferraren, ferraran
imperative		—	fierra	—	—	ferrái	—

Related terms

• fierru
• ferradura

Catalan

Etymology

From ferro (“iron”) +‎ -ar, or from a Late Latin ferrāre, from Latin ferrum (“iron”). Compare Occitan ferrar, French ferrer, Portuguese ferrar, Spanish herrar, Italian ferrare.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [fəˈra]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [feˈraɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

ferrar (first-person singular present ferro, first-person singular preterite ferrí, past participle ferrat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencian) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

1. (transitive) to horseshoe, to shoe a horse
2. (historical, transitive) to put in irons (to shackle, bind with chains, etc.)
3. (cooking) to fry (eggs)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ferrar (first conjugation)

infinitive			ferrar
gerund			ferrant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		ferrat		ferrada
		plural		ferrats		ferrades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	ferro	ferres	ferra	ferrem	ferreu	ferren
	imperfect	ferrava	ferraves	ferrava	ferràvem	ferràveu	ferraven
	future	ferraré	ferraràs	ferrarà	ferrarem	ferrareu	ferraran
	preterite	ferrí	ferrares	ferrà	ferràrem	ferràreu	ferraren
	conditional	ferraria	ferraries	ferraria	ferraríem	ferraríeu	ferrarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	ferri	ferris	ferri	ferrem	ferreu	ferrin
	imperfect	ferrés	ferressis	ferrés	ferréssim	ferréssiu	ferressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	ferra	ferri	ferrem	ferreu	ferrin
	negative (no)	—	no ferris	no ferri	no ferrem	no ferreu	no ferrin

Derived terms

• desferrar
• ferrada
• ferrador
• ferradura
• ferrament
• ferrat

 

Further reading

• “ferrar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “ferrar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “ferrar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “ferrar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ferrar, from ferro (“iron”) +‎ -ar, or rather from a Late Latin ferrāre, from Latin ferrum (“iron”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [feˈraɾ]

Verb

ferrar (first-person singular present ferro, first-person singular preterite ferrei, past participle ferrado)

1. to horseshoe (to apply horseshoes to a horse or other hooved animal)
   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 65:

     Ferrar se deue o Cauallo con ferraduras rredondas conuiniuylles as huñas, et deuen os canellos das ferraduras seer estreitos et lleues. Et quanto as ferraduras mais lligeiras foren tanto o Cauallo alçara os pees mais lligeiramente

     The horse must be horseshoed with round horseshoes, appropriate to the hoofs, and their calks must be thin and light. The lighter the horseshoes, the lighter the horse will lift his feet.

2. to garnish with iron

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ferrar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ferrar
Personal	ferrar	ferrares	ferrar	ferrarmos	ferrardes	ferraren
Gerund
	ferrando
Past participle
Masculine	ferrado			ferrados
Feminine	ferrada			ferradas
Indicative
Present	ferro	ferras	ferra	ferramos	ferrades	ferran
Imperfect	ferraba	ferrabas	ferraba	ferrabamos	ferrabades	ferraban
Preterite	ferrei	ferraches	ferrou	ferramos	ferrastes	ferraron
Pluperfect	ferrara	ferraras	ferrara	ferraramos	ferrarades	ferraran
Future	ferrarei	ferrarás	ferrará	ferraremos	ferraredes	ferrarán
Conditional	ferraría	ferrarías	ferraría	ferrariamos	ferrariades	ferrarían
Subjunctive
Present	ferre	ferres	ferre	ferremos	ferredes	ferren
Imperfect	ferrase	ferrases	ferrase	ferrásemos	ferrásedes	ferrasen
Future	ferrar	ferrares	ferrar	ferrarmos	ferrardes	ferraren
Imperative
Affirmative		ferra	ferre	ferremos	ferrade	ferren
Negative (non)		non ferres	non ferre	non ferremos	non ferredes	non ferren

    Reintegrated conjugation of ferrar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ferrar
Personal	ferrar	ferrares	ferrar	ferrarmos	ferrardes	ferrarem
Gerund
	ferrando
Past participle
Masculine	ferrado			ferrados
Feminine	ferrada			ferradas
Indicative
Present	ferro	ferras	ferra	ferramos	ferrades, ferrais	ferram
Imperfect	ferrava	ferravas	ferrava	ferrávamos	ferrávades, ferráveis, ferrávais1	ferravam
Preterite	ferrei	ferraste, ferrache1	ferrou	ferramos	ferrastes	ferrárom, ferraram
Pluperfect	ferrara	ferraras	ferrara	ferráramos	ferrárades, ferráreis, ferrárais1	ferraram
Future	ferrarei	ferrarás	ferrará	ferraremos	ferraredes, ferrareis	ferrarám, ferrarão
Conditional	ferraria	ferrarias	ferraria	ferraríamos	ferraríades, ferraríeis, ferraríais1	ferrariam
Subjunctive
Present	ferre	ferres	ferre	ferremos	ferredes, ferreis	ferrem
Imperfect	ferrasse	ferrasses	ferrasse	ferrássemos	ferrássedes, ferrásseis	ferrassem
Future	ferrar	ferrares	ferrar	ferrarmos	ferrardes	ferrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ferra	ferre	ferremos	ferrade, ferrai	ferrem
Negative (nom)		nom ferres	nom ferre	nom ferremos	nom ferredes, nom ferreis	nom ferrem

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• ferro

References

• “ferrar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “ferrar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “ferrar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “ferrar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “ferrar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “ferrar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• “ferrar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

From ferro (“iron”) +‎ -ar, or from a Late Latin ferrāre, from Latin ferrum (“iron”). Compare Spanish herrar, Catalan ferrar, French ferrer, Italian ferrare.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /feˈʁa(ʁ)/ [feˈha(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /feˈʁa(ʁ)/ [feˈha(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /feˈʁa(ɾ)/ [feˈha(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /feˈʁa(ʁ)/ [feˈχa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /feˈʁa(ɻ)/ [feˈha(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɨˈʁaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɨˈʁaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɨˈʁa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: fer‧rar

Verb

ferrar (first-person singular present ferro, first-person singular preterite ferrei, past participle ferrado)

1. to horseshoe (to apply horseshoes to a horse or other hooved animal)
2. (Brazil, slang) to screw (to beset with unfortunate circumstances)
3. (archaic, nautical) to anchor (to cast a ship’s anchor)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ferrar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ferrar
Personal	ferrar	ferrares	ferrar	ferrarmos	ferrardes	ferrarem
Gerund
	ferrando
Past participle
Masculine	ferrado			ferrados
Feminine	ferrada			ferradas
Indicative
Present	ferro	ferras	ferra	ferramos	ferrais	ferram
Imperfect	ferrava	ferravas	ferrava	ferrávamos	ferráveis	ferravam
Preterite	ferrei	ferraste	ferrou	ferramos1, ferrámos2	ferrastes	ferraram
Pluperfect	ferrara	ferraras	ferrara	ferráramos	ferráreis	ferraram
Future	ferrarei	ferrarás	ferrará	ferraremos	ferrareis	ferrarão
Conditional	ferraria	ferrarias	ferraria	ferraríamos	ferraríeis	ferrariam
Subjunctive
Present	ferre	ferres	ferre	ferremos	ferreis	ferrem
Imperfect	ferrasse	ferrasses	ferrasse	ferrássemos	ferrásseis	ferrassem
Future	ferrar	ferrares	ferrar	ferrarmos	ferrardes	ferrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ferra	ferre	ferremos	ferrai	ferrem
Negative (não)		não ferres	não ferre	não ferremos	não ferreis	não ferrem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• ferreiro
• ferro

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin ferrāre, from Latin ferrum (Spanish fierro).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /feˈraɾ/ [feˈraɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: fe‧rrar

Verb

ferrar (first-person singular present fierro, first-person singular preterite ferré, past participle ferrado)

1. (transitive) to add iron to
2. (transitive) Obsolete spelling of herrar (“to shoe”)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ferrar (e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			ferrar
gerund			ferrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		ferrado		ferrada
		plural		ferrados		ferradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	fierro	fierrastú ferrásvos	fierra	ferramos	ferráis	fierran
	imperfect	ferraba	ferrabas	ferraba	ferrábamos	ferrabais	ferraban
	preterite	ferré	ferraste	ferró	ferramos	ferrasteis	ferraron
	future	ferraré	ferrarás	ferrará	ferraremos	ferraréis	ferrarán
	conditional	ferraría	ferrarías	ferraría	ferraríamos	ferraríais	ferrarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	fierre	fierrestú ferrésvos2	fierre	ferremos	ferréis	fierren
	imperfect (ra)	ferrara	ferraras	ferrara	ferráramos	ferrarais	ferraran
	imperfect (se)	ferrase	ferrases	ferrase	ferrásemos	ferraseis	ferrasen
	future1	ferrare	ferrares	ferrare	ferráremos	ferrareis	ferraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		fierratú ferrávos	fierre	ferremos	ferrad	fierren
	negative		no fierres	no fierre	no ferremos	no ferréis	no fierren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of ferrar (e-ie alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive ferrar
	dative	ferrarme	ferrarte	ferrarle, ferrarse	ferrarnos	ferraros	ferrarles, ferrarse
	accusative	ferrarme	ferrarte	ferrarlo, ferrarla, ferrarse	ferrarnos	ferraros	ferrarlos, ferrarlas, ferrarse
with gerund ferrando
	dative	ferrándome	ferrándote	ferrándole, ferrándose	ferrándonos	ferrándoos	ferrándoles, ferrándose
	accusative	ferrándome	ferrándote	ferrándolo, ferrándola, ferrándose	ferrándonos	ferrándoos	ferrándolos, ferrándolas, ferrándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative fierra
	dative	fiérrame	fiérrate	fiérrale	fiérranos	not used	fiérrales
	accusative	fiérrame	fiérrate	fiérralo, fiérrala	fiérranos	not used	fiérralos, fiérralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative ferrá
	dative	ferrame	ferrate	ferrale	ferranos	not used	ferrales
	accusative	ferrame	ferrate	ferralo, ferrala	ferranos	not used	ferralos, ferralas
with formal second-person singular imperative fierre
	dative	fiérreme	not used	fiérrele, fiérrese	fiérrenos	not used	fiérreles
	accusative	fiérreme	not used	fiérrelo, fiérrela, fiérrese	fiérrenos	not used	fiérrelos, fiérrelas
with first-person plural imperative ferremos
	dative	not used	ferrémoste	ferrémosle	ferrémonos	ferrémoos	ferrémosles
	accusative	not used	ferrémoste	ferrémoslo, ferrémosla	ferrémonos	ferrémoos	ferrémoslos, ferrémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative ferrad
	dative	ferradme	not used	ferradle	ferradnos	ferraos	ferradles
	accusative	ferradme	not used	ferradlo, ferradla	ferradnos	ferraos	ferradlos, ferradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative fierren
	dative	fiérrenme	not used	fiérrenle	fiérrennos	not used	fiérrenles, fiérrense
	accusative	fiérrenme	not used	fiérrenlo, fiérrenla	fiérrennos	not used	fiérrenlos, fiérrenlas, fiérrense

Further reading

• “ferrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014