inchar

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese inchar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin inflāre, present active infinitive of inflō. Compare Portuguese inchar and Spanish hinchar. Doublet of the borrowed inflar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈt͡ʃaɾ/

Verb

inchar (first-person singular present incho, first-person singular preterite inchei, past participle inchado)

1. to swell (become bigger)

   Synonym: inflar

2. to swell due to oedema
   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 135:

     Conteçe aas uezes que por caiom nas junturas ou nos jeollos ou nos pees ou en outra parte do Cauallo entra espina ou estrepe ou escadeẽa de madeiro et fica ontre a carne en algũa maneira daquella chaga jncha todo arredor, et as uezes toda a coyxa moormente see a espina ou a escadeẽa tange alguun neruo, que faz o Cauallo çopegar.

     It sometimes happens, occasionally, that in the joints or the knees or the feet of in another part of the horse enters a thorn or a spike or a splinter, and then it stays in between the meat; and somehow from that wound swells everything which is around, and sometimes all the thigh, mostly when the thorn or splinter touches any nerve, which causes the horse to limp

   • 1440, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 264:

     Et o dito Lopo d'Amoeyro, non acatando a dita trégoa e en quebrantamento dela, diso que o dito dia donte que foran XVIII dias do dito mes do dito ano, en término da dita friguesía de Codeyro, e sen o dito Lopo Rodrigues faser mal nen dano ao dito Lopo d'Amoeyro, que aderesçara a él por lo matar, díselle çertas palabras desonestas e injuriosas, et que él e outros seus III omes, que lle poseran as lanças enos peytos, por lo matar, e que o dito Lopo d'Ameyro, que alçara a lança e que lle dera con a asta dela por lo rostro e por las narises e por los ollos, o qual y logo y mostrou, inchado as narises e os ollos, ante os ditos juises

     And the mentioned Lopo de Amoeiro, having not accepted this truce and breaking it, he [sic, it refers to another Lopo] said that yesterday, 18th of this month and year, in the circumscription of the parish of Codeiro, and without having the mentioned Lopo Rodríguez caused any harm to that Lopo de Amoeiro, that he came close to him to kill him, and he told him some dishonest and injurious words, and that he and his three men put their spears in his chest, for killing him; and that this Lopo de Amoeiro rose his spear and stroke with the shaft on his nose and eyes, what he shown, his swollen nose and eyes, before these judges

Conjugation

    Conjugation of inchar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	inchar
Personal	inchar	inchares	inchar	incharmos	inchardes	incharen
Gerund
	inchando
Past participle
Masculine	inchado			inchados
Feminine	inchada			inchadas
Indicative
Present	incho	inchas	incha	inchamos	inchades	inchan
Imperfect	inchaba	inchabas	inchaba	inchabamos	inchabades	inchaban
Preterite	inchei	inchaches	inchou	inchamos	inchastes	incharon
Pluperfect	inchara	incharas	inchara	incharamos	incharades	incharan
Future	incharei	incharás	inchará	incharemos	incharedes	incharán
Conditional	incharía	incharías	incharía	inchariamos	inchariades	incharían
Subjunctive
Present	inche	inches	inche	inchemos	inchedes	inchen
Imperfect	inchase	inchases	inchase	inchásemos	inchásedes	inchasen
Future	inchar	inchares	inchar	incharmos	inchardes	incharen
Imperative
Affirmative		incha	inche	inchemos	inchade	inchen
Negative (non)		non inches	non inche	non inchemos	non inchedes	non inchen

    Reintegrated conjugation of inchar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	inchar
Personal	inchar	inchares	inchar	incharmos	inchardes	incharem
Gerund
	inchando
Past participle
Masculine	inchado			inchados
Feminine	inchada			inchadas
Indicative
Present	incho	inchas	incha	inchamos	inchades, inchais	incham
Imperfect	inchava	inchavas	inchava	inchávamos	inchávades, incháveis, inchávais1	inchavam
Preterite	inchei	inchaste, inchache1	inchou	inchamos	inchastes	inchárom, incharam
Pluperfect	inchara	incharas	inchara	incháramos	inchárades, incháreis, inchárais1	incharam
Future	incharei	incharás	inchará	incharemos	incharedes, inchareis	incharám, incharão
Conditional	incharia	incharias	incharia	incharíamos	incharíades, incharíeis, incharíais1	inchariam
Subjunctive
Present	inche	inches	inche	inchemos	inchedes, incheis	inchem
Imperfect	inchasse	inchasses	inchasse	inchássemos	inchássedes, inchásseis	inchassem
Future	inchar	inchares	inchar	incharmos	inchardes	incharem
Imperative
Affirmative		incha	inche	inchemos	inchade, inchai	inchem
Negative (nom)		nom inches	nom inche	nom inchemos	nom inchedes, nom incheis	nom inchem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• inchazo
• inchazón

References

• “inchar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “incha” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “inchar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “inchar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “inchar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• “inchar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese inchar, from Latin īnflāre. Compare Galician inchar and Spanish hinchar. Doublet of the borrowed inflar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃa(ʁ)/ [ĩˈʃa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃa(ʁ)/ [ĩˈʃa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃa(ʁ)/ [ĩˈʃa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩˈt͡ʃaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩˈʃa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: in‧char

Verb

inchar (first-person singular present incho, first-person singular preterite inchei, past participle inchado)

1. to swell (become bigger)

   Synonyms: inflar, aumentar, encher

   Antonym: esvaziar

2. to swell due to oedema

   Synonym: intumescer

   Antonym: desinchar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of inchar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	inchar
Personal	inchar	inchares	inchar	incharmos	inchardes	incharem
Gerund
	inchando
Past participle
Masculine	inchado			inchados
Feminine	inchada			inchadas
Indicative
Present	incho	inchas	incha	inchamos	inchais	incham
Imperfect	inchava	inchavas	inchava	inchávamos	incháveis	inchavam
Preterite	inchei	inchaste	inchou	inchamos1, inchámos2	inchastes	incharam
Pluperfect	inchara	incharas	inchara	incháramos	incháreis	incharam
Future	incharei	incharás	inchará	incharemos	inchareis	incharão
Conditional	incharia	incharias	incharia	incharíamos	incharíeis	inchariam
Subjunctive
Present	inche	inches	inche	inchemos	incheis	inchem
Imperfect	inchasse	inchasses	inchasse	inchássemos	inchásseis	inchassem
Future	inchar	inchares	inchar	incharmos	inchardes	incharem
Imperative
Affirmative		incha	inche	inchemos	inchai	inchem
Negative (não)		não inches	não inche	não inchemos	não incheis	não inchem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• inchação
• inchaço
• inchado
• inchamento
• inflar

 

Descendants

• Guinea-Bissau Creole: intca
• Kabuverdianu: intcha