ligo

See also: LIGO, ligó, and līgõ

Cebuano

Alternative forms

• digo

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: li‧go

Verb

ligo

1. to take a bath
2. to swim
3. to give someone a bath
4. to shower; to bestow liberally, to give or distribute in abundance

Noun

ligo

1. a bath

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɪɡo]

Noun

ligo f

1. vocative singular of liga

Esperanto

Etymology

From ligi +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈliɡo]
• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɡo
• Hyphenation: li‧go

Noun

ligo (accusative singular ligon, plural ligoj, accusative plural ligojn)

1. league, connection
   • Trans. Odd Tangerud, Popolmalamiko, Project Gutenberg transcription

     kiel ĝojige estas stari tiel en frata ligo kune kun siaj samurbanoj!

     how joyful it is to stand thus in brotherly connection together with one's fellow city dwellers!

Derived terms

• ligilo

Galician

Verb

ligo

1. first-person singular present indicative of ligar

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.ɡoː/, [ˈlʲɪɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.ɡo/, [ˈliːɡo]

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ligō m (genitive ligōnis); third declension

1. hoe, mattock

   Synonym: sarculum

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ligō	ligōnēs
Genitive	ligōnis	ligōnum
Dative	ligōnī	ligōnibus
Accusative	ligōnem	ligōnēs
Ablative	ligōne	ligōnibus
Vocative	ligō	ligōnēs

Descendants

• Sicilian: liguni
• Spanish: legón
• Galician: legón, lighó
• Catalan: lligó

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (“to bind”).

Verb

ligō (present infinitive ligāre, perfect active ligāvī, supine ligātum); first conjugation

1. to tie, bind

   Synonyms: colligō, illigō, cōnserō, cōnfīgō, adalligō, dēligō, alligō, iniungō, nectō, cōnectō, dēfīgō, fīgō, vinculō, dēstinō

   Antonyms: explicō, absolvō, dissolvō, solvō, sēparō

2. to bandage, wrap around
3. to unite

   Synonyms: consociō, iungō, coniungō, contrahō, conciliō

   Antonyms: solvō, absolvō, persolvō, distrahō, dissolvō, rumpō

Conjugation

Conjugation of ligō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	ligō	ligās	ligat	ligāmus	ligātis	ligant
	imperfect	ligābam	ligābās	ligābat	ligābāmus	ligābātis	ligābant
	future	ligābō	ligābis	ligābit	ligābimus	ligābitis	ligābunt
	perfect	ligāvī	ligāvistī	ligāvit	ligāvimus	ligāvistis	ligāvērunt, ligāvēre
	pluperfect	ligāveram	ligāverās	ligāverat	ligāverāmus	ligāverātis	ligāverant
	future perfect	ligāverō	ligāveris	ligāverit	ligāverimus	ligāveritis	ligāverint
passive	present	ligor	ligāris, ligāre	ligātur	ligāmur	ligāminī	ligantur
	imperfect	ligābar	ligābāris, ligābāre	ligābātur	ligābāmur	ligābāminī	ligābantur
	future	ligābor	ligāberis, ligābere	ligābitur	ligābimur	ligābiminī	ligābuntur
	perfect	ligātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	ligātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	ligātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	ligem	ligēs	liget	ligēmus	ligētis	ligent
	imperfect	ligārem	ligārēs	ligāret	ligārēmus	ligārētis	ligārent
	perfect	ligāverim	ligāverīs	ligāverit	ligāverīmus	ligāverītis	ligāverint
	pluperfect	ligāvissem	ligāvissēs	ligāvisset	ligāvissēmus	ligāvissētis	ligāvissent
passive	present	liger	ligēris, ligēre	ligētur	ligēmur	ligēminī	ligentur
	imperfect	ligārer	ligārēris, ligārēre	ligārētur	ligārēmur	ligārēminī	ligārentur
	perfect	ligātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	ligātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	ligā	—	—	ligāte	—
	future	—	ligātō	ligātō	—	ligātōte	ligantō
passive	present	—	ligāre	—	—	ligāminī	—
	future	—	ligātor	ligātor	—	—	ligantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		ligāre	ligāvisse	ligātūrum esse	ligārī	ligātum esse	ligātum īrī
participles		ligāns	—	ligātūrus	—	ligātus	ligandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		ligandī	ligandō	ligandum	ligandō	ligātum	ligātū

Derived terms

• alligō
• circumligō
• colligō
• dēligō
• illigō
• ligāmen
• ligāmentum
• ligātiō
• ligātus
• ligātūra
• līctor
• obligō
• praeligō
• religō
• subligō

 

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: leg, legu; ligari
  • Romanian: lega; legare
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Romagnol: lighêr
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Dalmatian: ligur, liguor, liguar
  • Italian: legare
    • → German: legieren
      • → Dutch: legeren
  • Sicilian: ligari, lijari
• Old French: lier, liier, lïer
  • French: lier
    • → German: liieren
  • → Middle English: lien
    • English: lye
  • →? Galician: lear
  • →? Portuguese: liar
  • →? Spanish: liar
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: lligar
  • Occitan: ligar
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: leâ
  • Ladin: lier
  • Romansch: liar, ligiar, liear, lier
• Sardinian: liai, liare, ligai, ligare
• Venetian: łigar, ligar
• West Iberian:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: legar
  • Old Spanish: legar
    • Spanish: legar (regional, rare)

Terms directly borrowed from the Latin word:

• → Portuguese: ligar (learned)
• → Norwegian:
  • Norwegian Bokmål: legere
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: legere
• → Spanish: ligar (learned)
• → Swedish: legera

References

• “ligo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ligo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ligo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “ligo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ligo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈli.ɡɔ/
• Rhymes: -iɡɔ
• Syllabification: li‧go

Noun

ligo f

1. vocative singular of liga

Portuguese

Verb

ligo

1. first-person singular present indicative of ligar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈliɡo/ [ˈli.ɣ̞o]
• Rhymes: -iɡo
• Syllabification: li‧go

Verb

ligo

1. first-person singular present indicative of ligar

Tagalog

Etymology 1

From Proto-Austronesian *diʀus (“bathe”). Compare Ilocano digos, Ibanag zigu, Bikol Central karigos, Cebuano digo / ligo, Tausug ligu', Malay dirus / irus, and Javanese ꦲꦢꦸꦱ꧀ (adus).

Alternative forms

• igo — childish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈliɡoʔ/, [ˈli.ɣoʔ] (noun)

• IPA^(key): /liˈɡoʔ/, [lɪˈɣoʔ] (adjective)
• Hyphenation: li‧go

Noun

ligò (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜄᜓ)

1. bathing; taking a bath

   Synonyms: paligo, paliligo, (dialectal) hambo, (dialectal) paghambo

Derived terms

• damit-pampaligo
• ipaligo
• ipampaligo
• ligong-pato
• ligong-uwak
• magpaligo
• makaligo
• maligo
• nakapaligo
• palaligo
• paligo
• paliguan
• paliligo
• pampaligo

 

Adjective

ligô (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜄᜓ)

1. having taken a bath

   Synonyms: nakapaligo, (dialectal) nakahambo

2. having the habit of taking a bath very often

   Synonyms: palaligo, (dialectal) palahambo

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /liˈɡo/, [lɪˈɣo]
• Hyphenation: li‧go

Noun

ligó (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜄᜓ)

1. constancy

   Synonyms: konstansiya, tiyaga, katamanan

Derived terms

• di-maligo
• kaliguhan
• kawalang-ligo
• maligo
• pagkadi-ligo
• walang-kaliguhan
• walang-maligo

 

Further reading

• “ligo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018