वृद्धि

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Hindi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi). Doublet of बाढ़ (bāṛh), a tadbhava.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʋɾɪd̪.d̪ʱiː/, [ʋɾɪd̪̚.d̪ʱiː]

Noun[edit]

वृद्धि • (vŕddhi) f (Urdu spelling وردھی)

  1. increase, growth, augmentation
    Synonym: वर्धन (vardhan)
  2. lengthening
  3. gain, profit
    Synonym: फ़ायदा (fāydā)
  4. (grammar) vrddhi

Declension[edit]

Declension of वृद्धि (fem i-stem)
singular plural
direct वृद्धि
vŕddhi 		वृद्धियाँ
vŕddhiyā̃
oblique वृद्धि
vŕddhi 		वृद्धियों
vŕddhiyõ
vocative वृद्धि
vŕddhi 		वृद्धियो
vŕddhiyo

References[edit]

Sanskrit[edit]

Alternative scripts[edit]

Alternative scripts

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (“growth, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) +‎ -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

वृद्धि • (vṛ́ddhi) stem, f

  1. growth, increase, augmentation, prolongation
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.10.12:
      परि त्वा गिर्वणो गिर इमा भवन्तु विश्वतः ।
      वृद्धायुमनु वृद्धयो जुष्टा भवन्तु जुष्टयः ॥
      pari tvā girvaṇo gira imā bhavantu viśvataḥ.
      vṛddhāyumanu vṛddhayo juṣṭā bhavantu juṣṭayaḥ.
      Thou who lovest hymns, may these hymns of ours encompass thee on every side
      May they be an augmentation to thee of lengthened life, may they be dear delights to thee.
    • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.2:
      वृद्धिश् च मे सत्यं च मे श्रद्धा च मे
      vṛddhiś ca me satyaṃ ca me śraddhā ca me
      To me [may] growth, truth and faith [be granted]
  2. advancement, prosperity, welfare, happiness
  3. gain, profit
    1. profit from lending money; interest
      • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 8.154:
        ऋणं दातुं अशक्तो यः कर्तुं इच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम् ।
        स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत् ।।
        ṛṇaṃ dātuṃ aśakto yaḥ kartuṃ icchetpunaḥ kriyām.
        sa dattvā nirjitāṃ vṛddhiṃ karaṇaṃ parivartayet..
        He who, unable to pay a debt (at the fixed time), wishes to make a new contract, may renew the agreement, after paying the interest which is due.
      • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
  4. elevation (of the ground)
  5. swelling
  6. (grammar) vrddhi

Declension[edit]

Feminine i-stem declension of वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative वृद्धिः
vṛ́ddhiḥ 		वृद्धी
vṛ́ddhī 		वृद्धयः
vṛ́ddhayaḥ
Vocative वृद्धे
vṛ́ddhe 		वृद्धी
vṛ́ddhī 		वृद्धयः
vṛ́ddhayaḥ
Accusative वृद्धिम्
vṛ́ddhim 		वृद्धी
vṛ́ddhī 		वृद्धीः
vṛ́ddhīḥ
Instrumental वृद्ध्या / वृद्धी¹
vṛ́ddhyā / vṛ́ddhī¹ 		वृद्धिभ्याम्
vṛ́ddhibhyām 		वृद्धिभिः
vṛ́ddhibhiḥ
Dative वृद्धये / वृद्ध्यै² / वृद्धी¹
vṛ́ddhaye / vṛ́ddhyai² / vṛ́ddhī¹ 		वृद्धिभ्याम्
vṛ́ddhibhyām 		वृद्धिभ्यः
vṛ́ddhibhyaḥ
Ablative वृद्धेः / वृद्ध्याः² / वृद्ध्यै³
vṛ́ddheḥ / vṛ́ddhyāḥ² / vṛ́ddhyai³ 		वृद्धिभ्याम्
vṛ́ddhibhyām 		वृद्धिभ्यः
vṛ́ddhibhyaḥ
Genitive वृद्धेः / वृद्ध्याः² / वृद्ध्यै³
vṛ́ddheḥ / vṛ́ddhyāḥ² / vṛ́ddhyai³ 		वृद्ध्योः
vṛ́ddhyoḥ 		वृद्धीनाम्
vṛ́ddhīnām
Locative वृद्धौ / वृद्ध्याम्² / वृद्धा¹
vṛ́ddhau / vṛ́ddhyām² / vṛ́ddhā¹ 		वृद्ध्योः
vṛ́ddhyoḥ 		वृद्धिषु
vṛ́ddhiṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Later Sanskrit
  • ³Brāhmaṇas

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • Monier Williams (1899) “वृद्धि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1011.
  • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “vṛddhi”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
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