䜌

See also: 龻

䜌 U+470C, 䜌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-470C ← 䜋 [U+470B] CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A 䜍 → [U+470D]

Translingual

Han character

䜌 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 女火卜口火 (VFYRF), composition ⿲糹訁糸)

Derived characters

• 戀(恋), 鑾(銮), 巒(峦), 灓(𰛪), 𨷻(𫔱), 攣(挛), 孌(娈), 彎(弯), 蠻(蛮), 㪻(𫿳), 孿(孪), 奱, 變(変/变), 矕(𰥠), 鸞(鵉/鸾), 欒(栾), 曫(𬁢), 㱍, 𥀺, 𠨫

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1180, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3461, character 8
• Unihan data for U+470C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		䜌
alternative forms		𤔪 𠧎 𠧏 龻／𰁜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 䜌
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	*b·roːn, *b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	*b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons
灓	*b·roːn, *b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	*smroːns, *smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	*b·ronʔ, *b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	*pʰlons, *klons

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 絲 + 言.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luán (luan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luán
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luán
    • Wade–Giles: luan²
    • Yale: lwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
    • Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lyun⁴
    • Yale: lyùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lün⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːn²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: lwan, ljwen, ljwenH

Rime
Character	䜌	䜌	䜌
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	仙 (78)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	落官切	呂員切	力卷切
Baxter	lwan	ljwen	ljwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luɑn/	/liuᴇn/	/liuᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷɑn/	/lʷiɛn/	/lʷiɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/luɑn/	/ljuæn/	/ljuænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwan/	/lwian/	/lwianH/
Li Rong	/luɑn/	/liuɛn/	/liuɛnH/
Wang Li	/luɑn/	/lĭwɛn/	/lĭwɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/luɑn/	/li̯wɛn/	/li̯wɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luán	luán	luàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lyun4	lyun4	lyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.rˤo[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*b·roːn/, /*b·ron/, /*b·rons/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	䜌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luán
Middle Chinese	‹ lwan ›
Old Chinese	/*mə.rˁo[n]/
English	harness bells
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	䜌	䜌	䜌
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	8620	8629	8635
Phonetic component	䜌	䜌	䜌
Rime group	元	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	鑾	攣	戀
Old Chinese	/*b·roːn/	/*b·ron/	/*b·rons/

Definitions

䜌

1. ^† chaotic
2. ^† orderly
3. ^† continuous

Japanese

Kanji

䜌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. chaos
2. distraction
3. confusion, confused
4. continuous, uninterrupted
5. to tie together
6. to manage

Readings

• Go-on: れん (ren)
• Kan-on: れん (ren)

Korean

Hanja

䜌 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.