別離

See also: 别离

Chinese

		other; distinguish; contrary other; distinguish; contrary; difficult; awkward; leave; depart; separate; classify; another; do not; must not; to pin	to leave; to depart; to go away to leave; to depart; to go away; from
trad. (別離)		別	離
simp. (别离)		别	离
anagram		離別／离别

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): biélí

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄌㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bit⁶ lei⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): biĕk-liê
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pia̍t-lī / pia̍t-lî

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: biélí
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄌㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: biélí
    • Wade–Giles: pieh²-li²
    • Yale: byé-lí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: byeli
    • Palladius: бели (beli)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi̯ɛ³⁵ li³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bit⁶ lei⁴
    • Yale: biht lèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bit⁹ lei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: bid⁶ léi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piːt̚² lei̯²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: biĕk-liê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pieʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃iɛ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pia̍t-lī
    • Tâi-lô: pia̍t-lī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piadli
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɛt̚⁴⁻³² li³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pia̍t-lî
    • Tâi-lô: pia̍t-lî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piadlii
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɛt̚⁴⁻³² li²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /piɛt̚⁴⁻³² li²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: bjet|pjet lje|ljeH

Rime
Character	別	別	離	離
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3	2/3
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	幫 (1)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	仙 (83)	仙 (83)	支 (11)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	III
Fanqie	皮列切	方别切	呂支切	力智切
Baxter	bjet	pjet	lje	ljeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠiᴇt̚/	/pˠiᴇt̚/	/liᴇ/	/liᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚiɛt̚/	/pᵚiɛt̚/	/liɛ/	/liɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/biæt̚/	/piæt̚/	/ljɛ/	/ljɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biat̚/	/piat̚/	/liə̆/	/liə̆H/
Li Rong	/bjɛt̚/	/pjɛt̚/	/lie/	/lieH/
Wang Li	/bĭɛt̚/	/pĭɛt̚/	/lǐe/	/lǐeH/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ɛt̚/	/pi̯ɛt̚/	/lie̯/	/lie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bié	bie	lí	lì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bit6	bit3	lei4	lei6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-pret|pret  [r]aj|raj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pred|bred  rel|rels/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	別	別	離	離	離
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bié	bié	lí	lí	lì
Middle Chinese	‹ bjet ›	‹ pjet ›	‹ lje ›	‹ lje ›	‹ ljeH ›
Old Chinese	/*N-pret/	/*pret/	/*[r]aj/	/*[r]aj/	/*raj-s/
English	be separated (intr.)	separate (tr.)	meet with, encounter	depart from	reject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	別	別	離	離
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/3	3/3
No.	820	821	7780	7794
Phonetic component	别	别	离	离
Rime group	月	月	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	2	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	䇷	别	離	詈
Old Chinese	/*pred/	/*bred/	/*rel/	/*rels/
Notes			甲文象隹入網羅， 離反爲省文

Verb

別離

1. (literary) to part; to separate

Synonyms

• 分別／分别 (fēnbié)
• 分離／分离 (fēnlí)
• 離別／离别 (líbié)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (別離):

• → Japanese: 別(べつ)離(り) (betsuri)
• → Korean: 별리(別離) (byeolli)
• → Vietnamese: biệt li (別離)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
別	離
べつ Grade: 4	り Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) べ​つり [béꜜtsùrì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [be̞t͡sɨᵝɾʲi]

Noun

別(べつ)離(り) • (betsuri) 

1. parting; separation

Verb

別(べつ)離(り)する • (betsuri suru) suru (stem 別(べつ)離(り)し (betsuri shi), past 別(べつ)離(り)した (betsuri shita))

1. to separate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "別離する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	別離し	べつりし	betsuri shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	別離し	べつりし	betsuri shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	別離する	べつりする	betsuri suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	別離する	べつりする	betsuri suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	別離すれ	べつりすれ	betsuri sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	別離せよ¹ 別離しろ²	べつりせよ¹ べつりしろ²	betsuri seyo¹ betsuri shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	別離される	べつりされる	betsuri sareru
Causative	別離させる 別離さす	べつりさせる べつりさす	betsuri saseru betsuri sasu
Potential	別離できる	べつりできる	betsuri dekiru
Volitional	別離しよう	べつりしよう	betsuri shiyō
Negative	別離しない	べつりしない	betsuri shinai
Negative continuative	別離せず	べつりせず	betsuri sezu
Formal	別離します	べつりします	betsuri shimasu
Perfective	別離した	べつりした	betsuri shita
Conjunctive	別離して	べつりして	betsuri shite
Hypothetical conditional	別離すれば	べつりすれば	betsuri sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
別	離

Verb

別離

1. chữ Hán form of biệt li (“to part; to separate”).