尊ぶ
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Japanese[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 尊 |
| とうと Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 貴ぶ |
Etymology[edit]
尊 (tōto, tatto, stem of 尊い (tōtoi, tattoi, “noble, exalted, sacred”)) + ぶ (-bu, “to act like”)[1][2]
The ぶ (-bu) suffix usually conjugated with the upper bigrade pattern (上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō)), and 尊ぶ conjugated this way in Old Japanese.[1][3] Since the Heian period, 尊ぶ shifted to conjugate using the classical yodan pattern, the precursor to the modern godan conjugation (五段活用 (godan katsuyō)).[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "尊ぶ"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
尊ぶ | とーとぶ | [tòótóꜜbù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 尊べ | とーとべ | [tòótóꜜbè] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 尊ばれる | とーとばれる | [tòótóbáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 尊ばせる | とーとばせる | [tòótóbáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 尊べる | とーとべる | [tòótóbéꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 尊ぼう | とーとぼー | [tòótóbóꜜò] |
| Negative | 尊ばない | とーとばない | [tòótóbáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 尊ばなかった | とーとばなかった | [tòótóbáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 尊びます | とーとびます | [tòótóbímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 尊んだ | とーとんだ | [tòótóꜜǹdà] |
| Conjunctive | 尊んで | とーとんで | [tòótóꜜǹdè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尊べば | とーとべば | [tòótóꜜbèbà] |
Verb[edit]
尊ぶ or 尊ぶ • (tōtobu or tattobu) ←たふとぶ (tafutobu)?transitive godan (stem 尊び (tōtobi), past 尊んだ (tōtonda))
(alternative reading hiragana たっとぶ, rōmaji tattobu, historical hiragana たつとぶ)
- to respect, to value, to look up to
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of "尊ぶ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 尊ば | とうとば | tōtoba |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 尊び | とうとび | tōtobi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 尊ぶ | とうとぶ | tōtobu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 尊ぶ | とうとぶ | tōtobu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 尊べ | とうとべ | tōtobe |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 尊べ | とうとべ | tōtobe |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 尊ばれる | とうとばれる | tōtobareru |
| Causative | 尊ばせる 尊ばす |
とうとばせる とうとばす |
tōtobaseru tōtobasu |
| Potential | 尊べる | とうとべる | tōtoberu |
| Volitional | 尊ぼう | とうとぼう | tōtobō |
| Negative | 尊ばない | とうとばない | tōtobanai |
| Negative continuative | 尊ばず | とうとばず | tōtobazu |
| Formal | 尊びます | とうとびます | tōtobimasu |
| Perfective | 尊んだ | とうとんだ | tōtonda |
| Conjunctive | 尊んで | とうとんで | tōtonde |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尊べば | とうとべば | tōtobeba |
Synonyms[edit]
Antonyms[edit]
- 卑しめる (iyashimeru, “to despise”)
- 蔑む (sagesumu, “to despise”)
- 軽んじる (karonjiru, “to despise”)
- 見下す (mikudasu, “to look down on”)
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 尊 read as とうと
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms suffixed with ぶ
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese words with multiple readings