憂國憂民

Chinese

		to worry about national affairs	to be concerned about the people's sufferings
trad. (憂國憂民)		憂國	憂民
simp. (忧国忧民)		忧国	忧民

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yōuguóyōumín

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄡ ㄇㄧㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹ gwok³ jau¹ man⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yōuguóyōumín
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄡ ㄇㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: youguóyoumín
    • Wade–Giles: yu¹-kuo²-yu¹-min²
    • Yale: yōu-gwó-yōu-mín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iougwoioumin
    • Palladius: югоюминь (jugojuminʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ min³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau¹ gwok³ jau¹ man⁴
    • Yale: yāu gwok yāu màhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹ gwok⁸ jau¹ man⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹ guog³ yeo¹ men⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ jɐu̯⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'juw kwok 'juw mjin

Rime
Character	憂	國	民
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	見 (28)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	登 (132)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I	III
Fanqie	於求切	古或切	彌鄰切
Baxter	'juw	kwok	mjin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨu/	/kwək̚/	/miɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiu/	/kʷək̚/	/min/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiəu/	/kuək̚/	/mjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuw/	/kwək̚/	/min/
Li Rong	/ʔiu/	/kuək̚/	/miĕn/
Wang Li	/ĭəu/	/kuək̚/	/mĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ə̯u/	/kwək̚/	/mi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yōu	guo	mín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau1	gwak1	man4

Idiom

憂國憂民

1. to be concerned about the country and the people

Synonyms

• 憂民憂國／忧民忧国 (yōumínyōuguó)