相對

See also: 相对 and 相対

Chinese

		each other; appearance; portrait each other; appearance; portrait; picture; one another; mutually	couple; pair; to be opposite couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards sth); right
trad. (相對)		相	對
simp. (相对)		相	对

Etymology

Attestable in ancient pre-Qin texts. In the sense of "relativity", borrowed from Japanese 相對(そうたい) (sōtai).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiāngduì

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ ㄉㄨㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ deoi³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siông-tui
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siong-tùi / siang-tùi / saⁿ-tùi / sio-tùi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹ dui³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāngduì
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄉㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siangduèi
    • Wade–Giles: hsiang¹-tui⁴
    • Yale: syāng-dwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiangduey
    • Palladius: сяндуй (sjanduj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: soeng¹ deoi³
    • Yale: sēung deui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ doey³
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ dêu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ tɵy̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siông-tui
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiong´ dui
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹ dui⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu̯i⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong-tùi
    • Tâi-lô: siong-tuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siongduix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³ tui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tui²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang-tùi
    • Tâi-lô: siang-tuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siangduix
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tui²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-tùi
    • Tâi-lô: sann-tuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sva'duix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio-tùi
    • Tâi-lô: sio-tuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sioi'duix
    • IPA (Taipei): /sio⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/

Note: saⁿ-tùi/sio-tùi - "facing each other".

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siang¹ dui³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang tùi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³⁻²³ tui²¹³/

Verb

相對

1. to square off; to face off; to face each other
2. to resist; to oppose

Synonyms

• (to square off): 面對面／面对面 (miànduìmiàn)

Adjective

相對

1. (attributive) relative (as opposed to absolute)

Antonyms

• 絕對／绝对 (juéduì)

Adverb

相對

1. comparatively; relatively; fairly; quite

Synonyms

• 比較／比较
• 較為／较为

 

Noun

相對

1. relativity

Derived terms

• 廣義相對論／广义相对论 (guǎngyì xiāngduìlùn)
• 相對主義／相对主义 (xiāngduì zhǔyì)
• 相對人／相对人
• 相對原子質量／相对原子质量 (xiāngduì yuánzǐ zhìliàng)
• 相對同時／相对同时
• 相對權／相对权
• 相對濕度／相对湿度 (xiāngduì shīdù)
• 相對真理／相对真理 (xiāngduì zhēnlǐ)
• 相對論／相对论 (xiāngduìlùn)
• 相對論角動量／相对论角动量
• 相對高度／相对高度
• 針鋒相對／针锋相对 (zhēnfēngxiāngduì)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (相對):

• → Japanese: 相対(そうたい) (sōtai)
• → Korean: 상대(相對) (sangdae)
• → Vietnamese: tương đối (相對)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
相	對
あい Grade: 3	たい Hyōgaiji
yutōyomi

Kanji in this term
相	對
そう Grade: 3	たい Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 相對 – see the following entry.

【相対あいたい】 [adjective] confrontation, head-to-head [verb] to confront, face 【相対そうたい】 [noun] relativity [verb] to be relative

(This term, 相對, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
相	對

Noun

相對 • (sangdae) (hangeul 상대)

1. Hanja form^? of 상대 (“facing or confronting”).
2. Hanja form^? of 상대 (“partner or interlocutor”).
3. Hanja form^? of 상대 (“opponent or adversary”).

Derived terms

• 상대국 (相對國, sangdaeguk)
• 상대론 (相對論, sangdaeron)
• 상대방 (相對方, sangdaebang)
• 상대성 (相對性, sangdaeseong)
• 상대어 (相對語, sangdaeeo)
• 상대자 (相對者, sangdaeja)
• 상대적 (相對的, sangdaejeok)
• 상대주의 (相對主義, sangdaejuui)
• 상대편 (相對便, sangdaepyeon)

 

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
相	對

Adjective

相對

1. chữ Hán form of tương đối (“relative”).

Adverb

相對

1. chữ Hán form of tương đối (“relatively”).