硝

硝 U+785D, 硝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-785D ← 硜 [U+785C] CJK Unified Ideographs 硞 → [U+785E]

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order

硝 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一口火月 (MRFB), four-corner 1962₇, composition ⿰石肖)

1. saltpeter, niter
2. to tan

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 830, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24201
• Dae Jaweon: page 1246, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2433, character 4
• Unihan data for U+785D

Chinese

trad.		硝
simp. #		硝

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (肖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
梢	*sreːw
捎	*sreːw, *sew
筲	*sreːw
鞘	*sreːw, *slewɢs
艄	*sreːw
蛸	*sreːw, *sew
髾	*sreːw
輎	*sreːw
旓	*sreːw
弰	*sreːw
鮹	*sreːw, *sew
綃	*sreːw, *sew
颵	*sreːw
莦	*sreːw, *sew
娋	*sreːw, *sreːws
稍	*sreːws
哨	*sreːws, *sʰews, *sew
揱	*sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ
潲	*sreːws
睄	*sreːws
悄	*sʰewʔ
俏	*sʰews
峭	*sʰews
陗	*sʰews
帩	*sʰews
誚	*zews
消	*sew
宵	*sew
霄	*sew
硝	*sew
銷	*sew
逍	*sew
魈	*sew
痟	*slew
焇	*sew
肖	*slew, *slews
韒	*slewɢs
趙	*l'ewʔ
箾	*seːw, *sleːw
踃	*seːw
削	*slewɢ
矟	*sreːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sew) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): siu¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siau

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siou¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siao
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
    • Yale: syāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: siu¹
    • Yale: sīu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau
    • Tâi-lô: siau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siou¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siou³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: sjew

Rime
Character	硝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	相邀切
Baxter	sjew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/siɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/sjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siaw/
Li Rong	/siɛu/
Wang Li	/sĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sew/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	硝
Reading #	1/1
No.	13742
Phonetic component	肖
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	宵
Old Chinese	/*sew/

Definitions

硝

1. (inorganic chemistry) saltpetre, niter
2. to tan

Compounds

• 亞硝酸／亚硝酸 (yàxiāosuān)
• 亞硝酸鹽／亚硝酸盐 (yàxiāosuānyán)
• 智利硝石 (zhìlì xiāoshí)
• 朴硝 (pòxiāo)
• 焰硝
• 甲硝唑 (jiǎxiāozuò)
• 皮硝 (píxiāo)
• 硝化 (xiāohuà)
• 硝化作用
• 硝化甘油 (xiāohuàgānyóu)
• 硝基 (xiāojī)
• 硝基苯 (xiāojīběn)
• 硝煙彈雨／硝烟弹雨
• 硝石 (xiāoshí)
• 硝酸 (xiāosuān)
• 硝鹽／硝盐
• 老走硝
• 芒硝 (mángxiāo)
• 薔薇硝／蔷薇硝
• 鹽硝／盐硝

 

References

• “硝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	硝
Kyūjitai	硝󠄁 硝+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	硝󠄃 硝+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

硝

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. saltpeter, niter, the mineral form of potassium nitrate (KNO₃).

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}

Compounds

Compounds

• 硝子(ガラス) (garasu), 硝子(しょうし) (shōshi): glass
• 硝安(しょうあん) (shōan): ammonium nitrate
• 硝酸(しょうさん) (shōsan): nitric acid
• 硝石(しょうせき) (shōseki): saltpetre

Korean

Hanja

硝 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

硝: Hán Việt readings: tiêu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Compounds

• 硝石 (tiêu thạch)