manure; dung | earth; dust; rural earth; dust; rural; uncouth; uncultured; plebeian | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (糞土) | 糞 | 土 | |
simp. (粪土) | 粪 | 土 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 糞 | 土 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 透 (6) |
Final (韻) | 文 (59) | 模 (23) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
Division (等) | III | I |
Fanqie | 方問切 | 他魯切 |
Baxter | pjunH | thuX |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pɨunH/ | /tʰuoX/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/piunH/ | /tʰuoX/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/piuənH/ | /tʰoX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/punH/ | /tʰɔX/ |
Li Rong |
/piuənH/ | /tʰoX/ |
Wang Li |
/pĭuənH/ | /tʰuX/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/pi̯uənH/ | /tʰuoX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fèn | tǔ |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
fan3 | tou2 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 糞 | 土 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
fèn | tǔ |
Middle Chinese |
‹ pjunH › | ‹ thuX › |
Old Chinese |
/*p[u]r-s/ | /*tʰˁaʔ/ |
English | manure, dirt | earth |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 糞 | 土 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
No. | 3197 | 12499 |
Phonetic component |
糞 | 土 |
Rime group |
文 | 魚 |
Rime subdivision |
1 | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
糞 | 土 |
Old Chinese |
/*pɯns/ | /*l̥ʰaːʔ/ |
糞土