經典

See also: 经典

Chinese

		classics; sacred book; pass through classics; sacred book; pass through; to undergo; scripture	canon; dictionary
trad. (經典)		經	典
simp. (经典)		经	典

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jīngdiǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄉㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ging¹ din²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): keng-tián

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng¹ diang² / gian¹ diang²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jīngdiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄉㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jingdiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: ching¹-tien³
    • Yale: jīng-dyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingdean
    • Palladius: цзиндянь (czindjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ging¹ din²
    • Yale: gīng dín
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ging¹ din²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ging¹ din²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵ tiːn³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-tián
    • Tâi-lô: king-tián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kengdiern
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³ tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gêng¹ diang² / gian¹ diang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng tiáng / kiaⁿ tiáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ³³⁻²³ tiaŋ⁵²/, /kĩã³³⁻²³ tiaŋ⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: keng tenX

Rime
Character	經	典
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	古靈切	多殄切
Baxter	keng	tenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/keŋ/	/tenX/
Pan Wuyun	/keŋ/	/tenX/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛŋ/	/tɛnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛjŋ/	/tɛnX/
Li Rong	/keŋ/	/tenX/
Wang Li	/kieŋ/	/tienX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kieŋ/	/tienX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīng	diǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging1	din2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k-lˤeŋ  tˤə[r]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*keːŋ  tɯːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	經	典
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīng	diǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ keng ›	‹ tenX ›
Old Chinese	/*k-lˁeŋ/	/*tˁə[r]ʔ/
English	loom; regulate; norm	statute, norm
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	經	典
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	6799	2342
Phonetic component	巠	典
Rime group	耕	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	經	典
Old Chinese	/*keːŋ/	/*tɯːnʔ/

Noun

經典

1. (historical) Chinese classics; Chinese canonical texts

   • 我國經典，未經整理，讀起來特別難，一般人往往望而生畏，結果是敬而遠之。 [MSC, trad.]
     我国经典，未经整理，读起来特别难，一般人往往望而生畏，结果是敬而远之。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1942, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 經典常談

     Wǒguó jīngdiǎn, wèijīng zhěnglǐ, dú qǐlái tèbié nán, yībānrén wǎngwǎng wàng'érshēngwèi, jiéguǒ shì jìng'éryuǎnzhī. [Pinyin]

     Chinese classics are difficult to read uncollated. Ordinary people are often terrified by the sight of them, and prefer to remain at a respectful distance.

2. (religion) religious scripture

   佛教經典／佛教经典  ―  fójiào jīngdiǎn  ―  Buddhist scriptures

3. (by extension) classics; masterpiece; masterwork

   奉為經典／奉为经典  ―  fèngwéi jīngdiǎn  ―  to regard something as canon

   米高梅倒閉了，我們還有經典的電影可以看嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   米高梅倒闭了，我们还有经典的电影可以看吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Mǐgāoméi dǎobì le, wǒmen háiyǒu jīngdiǎn de diànyǐng kěyǐ kàn ma? [Pinyin]

   After Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer went bankrupt, do we still have classic films to watch?

Synonyms

• (Chinese classics): (literary) 正經／正经 (zhèngjīng)
• (religious scripture): 經卷／经卷 (jīngjuàn)

Derived terms

• 大乘經典／大乘经典

 

Adjective

經典

1. classic; classical; authoritative; definitive; outstanding
2. classic; traditional; original

   經典版／经典版  ―  jīngdiǎn bǎn  ―  classic edition

   四種好吃的雞肉經典做法 [MSC, trad.]
   四种好吃的鸡肉经典做法 [MSC, simp.]

   sì zhǒng hǎochī de jīròu jīngdiǎn zuòfǎ [Pinyin]

   four classic ways to cook chicken that are delicious

Derived terms

• 經典之作／经典之作
• 經典力學／经典力学 (jīngdiǎn lìxué)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (經典):

• → Japanese: 経(きょう)典(てん) (kyōten); 経(きょう)典(でん) (kyōden); 経(けい)典(てん) (keiten)
• → Korean: 경전(經典) (gyeongjeon)
• → Vietnamese: kinh điển (經典)

See also

• (not to be confused with) 古典 (gǔdiǎn)