蒙塵

See also: 蒙尘

Chinese

		Mongolia; cover	dust; dirt; earth
trad. (蒙塵)		蒙	塵
simp. (蒙尘)		蒙	尘

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): méngchén

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ ㄔㄣˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: méngchén
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ ㄔㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: méngchén
    • Wade–Giles: mêng²-chʻên²
    • Yale: méng-chén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mengchern
    • Palladius: мэнчэнь (mɛnčɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: muwng drin

Rime
Character	蒙	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	莫紅切	直珍切
Baxter	muwng	drin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muŋ/	/ɖˠiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/muŋ/	/ɖᵚin/
Shao Rongfen	/muŋ/	/ȡien/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/məwŋ/	/ɖjin/
Li Rong	/muŋ/	/ȡjĕn/
Wang Li	/muŋ/	/ȡǐĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/muŋ/	/ȡʱi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	méng	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mung4	can4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤoŋ  [d]rə[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*moːŋ  rdɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蒙	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	méng	chén
Middle Chinese	‹ muwng ›	‹ drin ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁoŋ/	/*[d]rə[n]/
English	cover (v.)	dust (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蒙	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	8969	1397
Phonetic component	冡	塵
Rime group	東	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	蒙	陳
Old Chinese	/*moːŋ/	/*rdɯn/

Verb

蒙塵

1. (literary) to become covered in dust
2. (archaic, figurative, of an emperor) to lose power and be forced to flee