開罪

Chinese

		open; operate (vehicle); start	guilt; crime; fault guilt; crime; fault; blame; sin
trad. (開罪)		開	罪
simp. (开罪)		开	罪

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kāizuì

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞ ㄗㄨㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi¹ zeoi⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kāizuì
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄞ ㄗㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kaizuèi
    • Wade–Giles: kʻai¹-tsui⁴
    • Yale: kāi-dzwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaitzuey
    • Palladius: кайцзуй (kajczuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoi¹ zeoi⁶
    • Yale: hōi jeuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi¹ dzoey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi¹ zêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯²²/

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• Middle Chinese: khoj dzwojX

Rime
Character	開	罪
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	苦哀切	徂賄切
Baxter	khoj	dzwojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰʌi/	/d͡zuʌiX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəi/	/d͡zuoiX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɒi/	/d͡zuɒiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəj/	/d͡zwəjX/
Li Rong	/kʰᴀi/	/d͡zuᴀiX/
Wang Li	/kʰɒi/	/d͡zuɒiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɑ̆i/	/d͡zʱuɑ̆iX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kāi	zuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoi1	zeoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤəj  [dz]ˤujʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːl  zuːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	開	罪
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kāi	zuì
Middle Chinese	‹ khoj ›	‹ dzwojX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʰˁəj/	/*[dz]ˁujʔ/
English	to open (v.t.)	crime, offense
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	開	罪
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7348	17981
Phonetic component	開	罪
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	開	辠
Old Chinese	/*kʰɯːl/	/*zuːlʔ/
Notes		同辠

Verb

開罪

1. (literary) to offend; to commit a faux pas

Synonyms

• 冒犯 (màofàn)
• 唐突 (tángtū) (literary)
• 干犯 (gānfàn) (literary)
• 得失 (déshī) (dialectal)
• 得罪 (dézuì)
• 惹
• 沖犯／冲犯 (chōngfàn)
• 碰撞 (pèngzhuàng)
• 衝撞／冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
• 觸犯／触犯 (chùfàn)