食む

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term
食
は
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology[edit]

/pamu/ → /famu/ → /hamu/

From Old Japanese.

Possibly cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

食(は)む • (hamu) transitive godan (stem 食(は)み (hami), past 食(は)んだ (handa))

  1. (archaic, dialectal) to chew and ingest food; to eat
    Synonyms: 食う (kuu), 食べる (taberu)
    草(くさ)を食(は)む
    kusa o hamu
    to graze
  2. to get paid, receive a stipend (from a duty, work, etc.) (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  3. to harm, injure
    Synonyms: 害する (gaisuru), 損なう (sokonau)

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of "食む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 食ま はま hama
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 食み はみ hami
Shūshikei ("terminal") 食む はむ hamu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 食む はむ hamu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 食め はめ hame
Meireikei ("imperative") 食め はめ hame
Key constructions
Passive 食まれる はまれる hamareru
Causative 食ませる
食ます 		はませる
はます 		hamaseru
hamasu
Potential 食める はめる hameru
Volitional 食もう はもう hamō
Negative 食まない はまない hamanai
Negative continuative 食まず はまず hamazu
Formal 食みます はみます hamimasu
Perfective 食んだ はんだ handa
Conjunctive 食んで はんで hande
Hypothetical conditional 食めば はめば hameba

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Idioms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=食む&oldid=73638860"