phonetic | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (首陀羅) | 首 | 陀 | 羅 | |
simp. (首陀罗) | 首 | 陀 | 罗 |
Rime | |||
---|---|---|---|
Character | 首 | 陀 | 羅 |
Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 書 (26) | 定 (7) | 來 (37) |
Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 歌 (94) | 歌 (94) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
Division (等) | III | I | I |
Fanqie | 舒救切 | 徒河切 | 魯何切 |
Baxter | syuwH | da | la |
Reconstructions | |||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɕɨuH/ | /dɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ɕiuH/ | /dɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/ɕiəuH/ | /dɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɕuwH/ | /da/ | /la/ |
Li Rong |
/ɕiuH/ | /dɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
Wang Li |
/ɕĭəuH/ | /dɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ɕi̯ə̯uH/ | /dʱɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
shòu | tuó | luó |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
sau3 | to4 | lo4 |
首陀羅