섧다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 셟〯다〮 (Yale: syělptá), seemingly from *셜 (*syel-) +‎ ㅸ (-W-, adjectivizer). Compare 서럽다 (seoreopda).

From Old Korean 哀反 (*SYELp-).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰɘ(ː)ɭt͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [설(ː)따]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	seolda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	seolbda
McCune–Reischauer?	sŏlta
Yale Romanization?	sēlpta

Adjective

섧다 • (seolda) (irregular, infinitive 설워, sequential 설우니)

1. to be sad, sorrowful

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 섧다 (seolda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	섧다 seolda	설워 seorwo	설워요 seorwoyo	섧습니다 seolseumnida
	Past	설웠다 seorwotda	설웠어 seorwosseo	설웠어요 seorwosseoyo	설웠습니다 seorwotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	설우냐 seorunya	설워 seorwo	설워요 seorwoyo	섧습니까 seolseumnikka
	Past	설웠냐 seorwonnya	설웠어 seorwosseo	설웠어요 seorwosseoyo	설웠습니까 seorwotseumnikka
Assertive		섧겠다 seolgetda	섧겠어 seolgesseo	섧겠어요 seolgesseoyo	섧겠습니다 seolgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		설워 seorwo	설워서 seorwoseo	설우니 seoruni	설우니까 seorunikka
Contrast		섧지만 seoljiman	설운데 seorunde	섧더니 seoldeoni
Conjunction		섧고 seolgo
Condition		설우면 seorumyeon	설워야 seorwoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		설움 seorum	섧기 seolgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		설웠음 seorwosseum	설웠기 seorwotgi
Determiners	Present		설운 seorun
	Future		설울 seorul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	설우시다 seorusida	설우셔 seorusyeo	설우세요, 설우셔요 seoruseyo, seorusyeoyo	설우십니다 seorusimnida
	Past	설우셨다 seorusyeotda	설우셨어 seorusyeosseo	설우셨어요 seorusyeosseoyo	설우셨습니다 seorusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	설우시냐 seorusinya	설우셔 seorusyeo	설우세요, 설우셔요 seoruseyo, seorusyeoyo	설우십니까 seorusimnikka
	Past	설우셨냐 seorusyeonnya	설우셨어 seorusyeosseo	설우셨어요 seorusyeosseoyo	설우셨습니까 seorusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		설우시겠다 seorusigetda	설우시겠어 seorusigesseo	설우시겠어요 seorusigesseoyo	설우시겠습니다 seorusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		설우셔 seorusyeo	설우셔서 seorusyeoseo	설우시니 seorusini	설우시니까 seorusinikka
Contrast		설우시지만 seorusijiman	설우신데 seorusinde	설우시더니 seorusideoni
Conjunction		설우시고 seorusigo
Condition		설우시면 seorusimyeon	설우셔야 seorusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		설우심 seorusim	설우시기 seorusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		설우셨음 seorusyeosseum	설우셨기 seorusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		설우신 seorusin
	Future		설우실 seorusil

Derived terms

• 설워하다
• 설워지다
• 설움