bách

See also: bach, Bach, bạch, and bac̱h

Irish

Alternative forms

• bádhach, bághach, báidheach

Etymology

From Middle Irish bágach. By surface analysis, bá +‎ -ach.

Adjective

bách (genitive singular masculine bách, genitive singular feminine báiche, plural bácha, comparative báiche)

1. affectionate

   Is bách (iad) lucht aon cheirde.

   Birds of a feather flock together.

   (literally, “People of the same craft are affectionate.”)

Declension

Declension of bách

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	bách	bhách	bácha; bhácha²
Vocative	bháich		bácha
Genitive		báiche	bácha	bách
Dative	bách; bhách¹	bhách; bháich (archaic)	bácha; bhácha²
Comparative	níos báiche
Superlative	is báiche

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bách	bhách	mbách
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bách”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “bádach, báidech”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɓajk̟̚˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɓat̚˦˧˥]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ʔɓat̚˦˥]

• Audio (Hà Nội)

  (file)

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 百. This character also has the reading bá (as in bá quan and bá tánh).

Numeral

bách

1. (only in compounds) hundred

Derived terms

• bách bệnh
• bách bổ (百補)
• bách bộ (百步)
• bách chiến bách thắng (百戰百勝)
• bách chiến (百戰)
• bách công (百工)
• bách hoa
• bách hoá (百貨)
• bách hợp (百合)
• bách hương vàng
• bách khoa toàn thư (百科全書)
• bách khoa (百科)
• bách nghệ (百藝)
• bách niên giai lão (百年偕老)
• bách phát bách trúng (百發百中)
• bách phân suất (百分率)
• bách phân (百分)
• bách phương (百方)
• bách quan (百官)
• bách thảo (百草)
• bách thú (百獸)
• bách tính (百姓)
• bách tính, bá tánh (百姓)
• Bách Việt (百越)
• cúc bách nhật
• độ bách phân
• khể thủ bách bái
• nhất hô bách ứng
• từ điển bách khoa
• vườn bách thảo
• vườn bách thú

 

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 柏.

Noun

(classifier cây) bách

1. cypress, cypress tree

Derived terms

• bách tán
• trắc bách diệp
• tùng bách

 

Etymology 3

Sino-Vietnamese word from 迫.

Verb

bách

1. (only in compounds) to compel, to force, to constrain

Derived terms

• bần bách
• bức bách
• cấp bách (急迫)
• cưỡng bách
• gấp bách
• hiếp bách
• quẫn bách
• thúc bách
• ức bách

 

Etymology 4

Sino-Vietnamese word from 舶.

Noun

bách

1. (obsolete) small boat