gribēt

Latvian[edit]

From Proto-Baltic *greyb-, *grib-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-, *gʰrib- (“to grab, to grasp”) (from its parallel variant *gʰrebʰ- comes Latvian grābt (“to grasp, to grip, to rake”), q.v.), from a root *gʰer- (“to grasp, to grip”) with an extra -(y)b. The semantic evolution apparently was “to seize, to grab” > “to be about to, to want to (seize, grab)” > “to want.” Cognates include Lithuanian griẽbti, dialectal greĩbti (“to seize, to grasp, to grab”), Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍀𐌰𐌽 (greipan), Old High German grifan, German greifen, English grip.^[1]

gribēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present gribu, gribi, grib, past gribēju)

to want (to feel the need for something, to desire something)
gribēt ēst, dzert ― to be hungry, thirsty (lit. to want to eat, to drink)

gribēt strādāt, mācīties ― to want to work, to study

bērns grib gulēt ― the child wants to sleep

dara, ko grib ― (he) does what (he) wants

gribot negribot ― wanting, not wanting (= willy-nilly)

negribēt (ne) dzirdēt ― not (even) want to hear (= to be categorically against)

visas tautas grib mieru, grib celt jaunus namus, dēstīt dārzus ― all peoples want peace, (they) want to build new houses, to plant gardens
to want (to intend, to plan)
Ozols gribēja Vili iepazīstin

viņš grib līdz vakaram pabeigt iesākto darbu ― he wants to finish the work (he) started by evening
(colloquial) to want (to be able to (in a given situation), to be about to)
mitrā malka negribēja degt ― the wet firewood didn't want to (= couldn't, wouldn't) burn

gribēju izdarīt lielu kļūdu ― I wanted (= was about) to make a big mistake

skapis gandrīz gribēja apgāzties ― the cupboard almost wanted (= was likely) to fall over

tik liels un pieaudzis viņš ilgos gados bija kļuvis, ka Pelašķiene to pirmajā mirklī lāgā pazīt negribēja ― (in, during) many years he had grown so big that Pelašķiene at first didn't quite want to (= couldn't quite) recognize him

conjugation of gribēt

	INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme)				IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme)
		Present (tagadne)	Past (pagātne)	Future (nākotne)	IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme)
1st pers. sg.	es	gribu	gribēju	gribēšu	—
2nd pers. sg.	tu	gribi	gribēji	gribēsi	gribi
3rd pers. sg.	viņš, viņa	grib	gribēja	gribēs	lai grib
1st pers. pl.	mēs	gribam	gribējām	gribēsim	gribēsim
2nd pers. pl.	jūs	gribat	gribējāt	gribēsiet, gribēsit	gribiet
3rd pers. pl.	viņi, viņas	grib	gribēja	gribēs	lai grib

RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme)			PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present	gribot		Present Active 1 (Adj.)		gribošs
Past	esot gribējis		Present Active 2 (Adv.)		gribēdams
Future	gribēšot		Present Active 3 (Adv.)		gribot
Imperative	lai gribot		Present Active 4 (Obj.)		gribam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme)			Past Active		gribējis
Present	gribētu		Present Passive		gribams
Past	būtu gribējis		Past Passive		gribēts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme)			NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative	(būt) jāgrib		Infinitive (nenoteiksme)		gribēt
Conjunctive 1	esot jāgrib		Negative Infinitive		negribēt
Conjunctive 2	jāgribot		Verbal noun		gribēšana

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “gribēt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN