lygn

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɪkn/

  Rhymes: -ɪkn

Etymology 1

From Old Norse lygn, from Proto-Germanic *lugnijaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright”), referring to shining water. Germanic cognates include English lown, Danish lyn (“lightning”), Swedish lugn (“calm water”).

Adjective

lygn (comparative lygnari, superlative lygnastur)

1. (of water, weather, etc.) still, calm

Inflection

    positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygn	lygn	lygnt
accusative	lygnan	lygna	lygnt
dative	lygnum	lygnri	lygnu
genitive	lygns	lygnrar	lygns
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnir	lygnar	lygn
accusative	lygna	lygnar	lygn
dative	lygnum	lygnum	lygnum
genitive	lygnra	lygnra	lygnra

    positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygni	lygna	lygna
accusative	lygna	lygnu	lygna
dative	lygna	lygnu	lygna
genitive	lygna	lygnu	lygna
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnu	lygnu	lygnu
accusative	lygnu	lygnu	lygnu
dative	lygnu	lygnu	lygnu
genitive	lygnu	lygnu	lygnu

    comparative

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnari	lygnari	lygnara
accusative	lygnari	lygnari	lygnara
dative	lygnari	lygnari	lygnara
genitive	lygnari	lygnari	lygnara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnari	lygnari	lygnari
accusative	lygnari	lygnari	lygnari
dative	lygnari	lygnari	lygnari
genitive	lygnari	lygnari	lygnari

    superlative (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnastur	lygnust	lygnast
accusative	lygnastan	lygnasta	lygnast
dative	lygnustum	lygnastri	lygnustu
genitive	lygnasts	lygnastrar	lygnasts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnastir	lygnastar	lygnust
accusative	lygnasta	lygnastar	lygnust
dative	lygnustum	lygnustum	lygnustum
genitive	lygnastra	lygnastra	lygnastra

    superlative (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnasti	lygnasta	lygnasta
accusative	lygnasta	lygnustu	lygnasta
dative	lygnasta	lygnustu	lygnasta
genitive	lygnasta	lygnustu	lygnasta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lygnustu	lygnustu	lygnustu
accusative	lygnustu	lygnustu	lygnustu
dative	lygnustu	lygnustu	lygnustu
genitive	lygnustu	lygnustu	lygnustu

Etymology 2

Attested in Icelandic since the 16th century. Possibly inherited, but likely a loanword from Old Saxon lugina, in either case ultimately from Proto-Germanic *lugīnō, itself from *leuganą (“to lie”). Doublet of ljúga.

Noun

lygn f (genitive singular lygnar, no plural)

1. (obsolete) lie, lies, falsehood

Declension

declension of lygn

f-s2	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	lygn	lygnin
accusative	lygn	lygnina
dative	lygn	lygninni
genitive	lygnar	lygnarinnar

Synonyms

• (lie): lygi

References

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 1923, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1923

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• løgn

Noun

lygn f (definite singular lygna, indefinite plural lygner, definite plural lygnene)

1. lie

   Han har fortald deg ei lygn.

   He has told you a lie.

References

• “lygn” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.