垃圾

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Chinese[edit]

phonetic
trad. (垃圾) 垃 圾
simp. #(垃圾) 垃 圾
alternative forms
 
擸𢶍
磖磼
𧞪䙣
𧙀䙣
儠㒎
擸𢶍
磖磼
𧞪䙣
𧙀䙣
儠㒎
𦆻颯／𦆻飒
拉颯／拉飒
垃靸
垃趿
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Etymology[edit]

From earlier 擸𢶍 (làsà, “to jumble; jumble; litter”). Reduplication derived from a root (*lap or *sap) meaning "untidy, unclean". The pronunciation "lèsè" is possibly influenced by Wu.

Second syllable of the Mainland Mandarin reading lājī is irregular, resulting from the incorrect association of the rare character in its obsolete form 靸 (sǎ) with the usual pronunciation of its phonetic component (及 (jí)).

Cognate with 邋遢 (lāta, “unclean, untidy, unkempt”) (> 邋邋遢遢, 邋裡邋遢／邋里邋遢).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: lah4 sab4 - Shantou.
Note:
  • 3la xi - modern, influenced by Mandarin;
  • 5leq seq - near-obsolete.

    Noun[edit]

    垃圾

    1. (literally) garbage; rubbish; trash; waste; refuse; junk
      清理垃圾  ―  qīnglǐ lājī  ―  to clean up the rubbish
      扔垃圾  ―  rēng lājī  ―  to litter
    2. (figuratively) rubbish (a valueless thing)
    3. (computing, Internet, prefix) junk messages; spam; unsolicited messages
      垃圾郵箱／垃圾邮箱  ―  lājī yóuxiāng  ―  spam folder
      我昨天收到了三十多條垃圾短信。 [MSC, trad.]
      我昨天收到了三十多条垃圾短信。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ zuótiān shōudào le sānshí duō tiáo lājī duǎnxìn. [Pinyin]
      I received over 30 spam text messages yesterday.
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (garbage):
    Dialectal synonyms of 垃圾 (“rubbish; garbage”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 垃圾, 廢物, 廢品, 破爛
    Mandarin Beijing 垃圾, 髒土
    Taiwan 垃圾
    Harbin 髒土, 擱扔
    Jinan 髒器, 垃圾
    Xi'an 惡圾, 髒發
    Yinchuan 落索, 惡索 Hui
    Xining 惡索
    Ürümqi 垃圾
    Wuhan 渣滓, 垃圾
    Chengdu 渣滓, 渣渣
    Guiyang 渣渣
    Guilin 垃圾
    Pingle 垃圾, 糞草
    Liuzhou 垃圾
    Tianlin (Langping) 垃圾
    Yangzhou 灰, 垃圾
    Nanjing 垃圾
    Hefei 髒, 糞草
    Qimen (Anling Junhua) 落索
    Changle (Qinjiang) 糞草
    Malaysia 垃圾
    Singapore 垃圾
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 惡瑣
    Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) ңәсуй
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 糞草, 垃圾
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 糞草
    Cantonese Guangzhou 垃圾
    Hong Kong 垃圾
    Macau 垃圾
    Taishan 垃圾
    Dongguan 垃圾
    Shenzhen (Dapeng) 垃圾
    Yangjiang 垃圾
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 垃圾
    Hepu (Shatian) 垃圾
    Baise 垃圾
    Beihai 垃圾
    Beihai (Nankang) 垃圾
    Beihai (Yingpan) 垃圾
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 垃圾
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 垃圾
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 垃圾
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 垃圾
    Singapore (Guangfu) 垃圾
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 垃圾
    Móng Cái 垃圾
    Bangkok (Guangfu) 垃圾
    Gan Nanchang 罯屑
    Pengze 邋遢
    Hakka Meixian 垃圾
    Xingning 刷
    Huidong (Daling) 垃圾
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 垃圾
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 垃圾
    Wuping 垃圾
    Wuping (Pingyu) 垃圾, 地腳
    Liancheng 垃圾
    Ninghua 垃圾
    Ruijin 垃圾
    Shicheng 垃圾
    Shangyou (Shexi) 齷齪子
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 垃圾
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 地圾
    Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 垃圾
    Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 地圾
    Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 垃圾
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 垃圾
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 垃圾
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 垃圾
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 垃圾
    Bobai (Shahe) 垃圾
    Bobai (Longtan) 垃圾
    Bobai (Lingping) 垃圾
    Kuching (Hepo) 垃圾
    Bangkok (Jiexi) 垃圾
    Huizhou Jixi 垃圾
    Qimen (Anling Minhua) 垃圾
    Jin Taiyuan 惡圾, 灰渣
    Northern Min Jian'ou 垃圾
    Pucheng (Shibei) 垃圾
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 糞掃
    Fuqing 糞掃
    Southern Min Xiamen 糞掃, 霎洗
    Quanzhou 糞掃, 霎洗, 垃圾
    Zhangzhou 糞掃, 垃圾
    Zhao'an 垃圾
    Dongshan 糞掃
    Taipei 垃圾仔, 垃儳仔, 糞掃
    New Taipei (Tamsui) 糞掃
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 糞掃
    New Taipei (Pingxi) 糞掃
    Kaohsiung 糞掃, 垃圾仔
    Kaohsiung (Cijin) 糞掃
    Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 糞掃
    Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 糞掃
    Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 垃圾仔
    Yilan 垃圾仔, 糞掃
    Yilan (Toucheng) 糞掃
    Changhua (Lukang) 垃圾仔, 糞掃
    Taichung 糞掃
    Tainan 垃圾仔, 糞掃
    Tainan (Anping) 糞掃
    Hsinchu 糞掃
    Kinmen 糞掃, 垃圾
    Penghu (Magong) 糞掃
    Penghu (Xiyu) 糞掃
    Penang (Hokkien) 垃圾, 儳飽
    Singapore (Hokkien) 垃圾, 糞掃
    Manila (Hokkien) 糞掃, 垃圾
    Chaozhou 杜糞, 垃圾
    Shantou 垃圾
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 垃圾
    Jieyang 杜糞, 垃圾
    Bangkok (Teochew) 垃圾
    Puxian Min Xianyou 垃圾, 糞事
    Fuding (Aoyao) 圾屑
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 垃圾
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 垃圾
    Wu Shanghai 垃圾
    Shanghai (Chongming) 垃圾
    Shanghai (Songjiang) 𤎤𡮦
    Suzhou 垃圾
    Danyang 垃圾
    Hangzhou 垃圾
    Ningbo 垃圾, 臘塞
    Wenzhou 糞掃, 垃圾
    Xiang Changsha 屑子
    Xiangxiang 屑子
    Shuangfeng 屑子
    Derived terms[edit]

    Adjective[edit]

    垃圾

    1. (colloquial) very bad; rubbish
      電影太垃圾了！／电影太垃圾了！  ―  Diànyǐng tài lājī le!  ―  This movie is so shit!
    Synonyms[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Adjective[edit]

    垃圾

    1. (Hakka, Hokkien) dirty; unhygienic
    2. (Mainland China Hokkien) low and cheap; substandard and vile
    3. (Hakka) haunted
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 髒 (“dirty”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 污, 穢, 污穢
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 骯髒, 污穢
    Mandarin Beijing 髒, 腌臢
    Taiwan 髒, 骯髒
    Langfang 髒
    Cangzhou 邋遢
    Baoding 骯髒
    Shijiazhuang 髒
    Daming 陳
    Harbin 埋汰
    Yantai (Muping) 髒, 邋乎, 埋汰
    Jinan 髒, 窩囊, 腌臢
    Luoyang 齷齪, 邋遢
    Wanrong 髒, 日髒, 骯髒
    Xi'an 髒, 骯髒
    Yinchuan 髒
    Lanzhou 髒
    Xining 骯髒, 髒
    Ürümqi 髒
    Wuhan 拉瓜, 賴
    Chengdu 髒, 齷齪, 邋遢
    Guiyang 髒
    Kunming 邋遢
    Liuzhou 邋遢, 污糟, 涴
    Xuzhou 骯髒, 腌臢
    Yangzhou 髒, 邋遢
    Nanjing 髒
    Hefei 髒, 膿糟, 拾弄
    Singapore 骯髒
    Cantonese Guangzhou 污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓
    Hong Kong 污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 邋遢, 骯屎
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 骯屎
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 揦鮓
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 垠
    Macau 污糟
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 污糟, 邋遢
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 邋遢, 揦鮓
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 污糟, 邋遢
    Foshan 污糟, 邋遢
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 污糟
    Foshan (Shunde) 污糟
    Foshan (Sanshui) 污糟
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 污糟
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 邋遢
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 邋遢
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 揦鮓
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 揦鮓
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 揦鮓, 邋遢
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 揦鮓
    Taishan 邋遢, 揦鮓
    Kaiping (Chikan) 邋遢, 揦鮓
    Enping (Niujiang) 邋遢
    Heshan (Yayao) 邋遢
    Dongguan 賴濕, 鹹濕
    Shenzhen (Dapeng) 垠
    Yangjiang 失引, 污糟, 揦鮓
    Singapore (Guangfu) 污糟, 揦鮓
    Gan Nanchang 腌臢
    Lichuan 邋遢
    Pingxiang 雷堆, 雷賴, 齷齪
    Hakka Meixian 漚紐, 穢
    Xingning 累贅
    Huidong (Daling) 囉嗦
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 囉嗦
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 囉嗦
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 烏數
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 烏奴
    Liannan 邋遢
    Jiexi 垃圾
    Changting 齷齪
    Wuping 屙糟
    Wuping (Pingyu) 屙糟
    Liancheng 屙糟
    Ninghua 齷齪
    Yudu 屙糟
    Ruijin 屙糟
    Shangyou (Shexi) 垃圾
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屙糟, 垃圾
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 屙糟, 垃圾
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 屙糟, 垃圾
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 屙糟, 垃圾
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屙糟, 垃圾
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 屙糟, 垃圾
    Hong Kong 漚紐, 累贅, 囉嗦
    Huizhou Jixi 活柴, 污糟
    Shexian 邋遢, 污糟
    Tunxi 遢邋
    Xiuning 遢邋
    Yixian 邋遢
    Qimen 邋遢
    Wuyuan 邋遢
    Jin Taiyuan 日髒, 髒, 腌臢
    Xinzhou 日髒
    Zhangjiakou 髒
    Northern Min Jian'ou 污喏, 垃圾
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 污喏
    Jianyang 污喏
    Wuyishan 垃圾
    Pucheng (Shibei) 垃圾
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 垃渣, 濫𡞟, 懶露, 五鹵, 齷齪
    Southern Min Xiamen 流瘍, 流死瘍, 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 穢涗, 塕埃
    Quanzhou 腌臢, 兇, 驚儂, 穢涗, 塕埃
    Zhangzhou 腌臢, 垃圾, 淤漬, 驚儂, 垃圾鬼, 穢涗, 塕埃
    Taipei 垃圾, 垃儳, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 垃圾, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 驚儂
    Kaohsiung 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 驚儂
    Yilan 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂
    Changhua (Lukang) 垃圾, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂
    Taichung 垃圾
    Taichung (Wuqi) 垃圾
    Tainan 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂, 流𣻸
    Taitung 垃圾
    Hsinchu 垃圾, 腌臢, 癩𰣻
    Kinmen 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 癩𰣻
    Penghu (Magong) 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 癩𰣻
    Penang (Hokkien) 垃儳
    Singapore (Hokkien) 流瘍, 垃儳, 垃圾, 厚穢
    Manila (Hokkien) 腌臢
    Chaozhou 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑
    Shantou 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 垃圾
    Jieyang 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 凄疑
    Singapore (Teochew) 垃圾, 邋遢
    Leizhou 邋滯
    Wenchang 尻髒
    Haikou 尻髒
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 污盧
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 齷齪
    Wu Shanghai 齷齪, 鏖糟 dated
    Shanghai (Chongming) 邋遢, 齷齪
    Suzhou 齷齪, 邋遢, 污糟
    Wuxi 污糟, 齷拉
    Danyang 髒
    Hangzhou 埲, 邋遢
    Ningbo 膩腥, 鏖糟, 淟汰, 邋遢 dated
    Wenzhou 鏖糟, 髒
    Jinhua 遮捏, 鏖糟
    Xiang Changsha 邋遢, 邋糊
    Shuangfeng 派老, 邋遢
    Derived terms[edit]

    Further reading[edit]

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