岳

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See also: 嶽
岳 U+5CB3, 岳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CB3
← 岲
[U+5CB2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 岴 →
[U+5CB4]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

岳 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人一山 (OMU), four-corner 72772, composition ⿱丘山)

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 309, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8001
  • Dae Jaweon: page 609, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 767, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5CB3

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 岳
alternative forms 𡵹
𡶓
𡷒
𡶳
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 岳
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (岳) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
岳 *ŋroːɡ
捳 *ŋroːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 丘 (“hill”) + 山 (“mountain”).

Etymology 1[edit]

Unclear. Compare Proto-North Bahnaric *ŋŏk ("mountain") (> Halang ngŏk and Sedang ŋɔ). Note also Proto-Hlai *hŋwʔo³ (“mountain”) and perhaps also Burmese ငေါ (ngau:), [script needed] (ŋok-ŋak, “project, stick up or out”), [script needed] (ŋroŋʼ, “any sharp thing sticking out; sharp stump or thorn”), and Tibetan རྔོག (rngog, “hump”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT instead derives it from provisional Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kak (“expensive, at its peak”) and considers it cognate to 極 (OC *N‑kək; N‑k(r)ək, “ridge of house; the highest point; extreme limit, utmost”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *kak (“expensive, intense, at its peak”) (> Lisu [script needed] (phy²¹ kha³⁵, “expensive”)), Ersu phɛ⁵⁵ khuɑ⁵⁵ (“expensive”), and Galo `kog dɨr (“peak”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • 8ngoq - colloquial;
  • 8yoq, 8yuq - literary.
    Rime
    Character 岳
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
    Final (韻) 江 (10)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 五角切
    Baxter ngaewk
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ŋˠʌk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ŋᵚɔk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ŋɔk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ŋaɨwk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/ŋɔk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/ŋɔk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ŋɔk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yuè
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		ngok6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 岳
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yuè
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ngæwk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ŋ]ˁrok/
    English mountain, peak

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 岳
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 16339
    Phonetic
    component         		岳
    Rime
    group         		屋
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		嶽
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ŋroːɡ/
    Notes 同嶽

    Definitions[edit]

    岳

    1. (alt. form 嶽) tall mountain
    2. (historical) name of a mountain (generally interpreted as 嵩山 (Sōng Shān, “Mount Song”) (Eno, 2009))
    3. parent-in-law
    4. a surname
      岳飛／岳飞  ―  Yuè Fēi  ―  Yue Fei

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 岳 – see 嶽 (“tall mountain; highest peak”).
    (This character is the simplified and variant form of 嶽).
    Notes:

    Etymology 3[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 岳 – see 𩓥 (“to raise one's head”).
    (This character is a variant form of 𩓥).

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		岳

    Kyūjitai

    		嶽

    Kanji[edit]

    岳

    (common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 嶽)

    1. mountain peak
    2. tall mountain

    Readings[edit]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    岳
    たけ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    嶽 (kyūjitai)

    Directly cognate with 丈 (take, “height”). Indirectly cognate with 高 (taka, “height”), 高い (takai, “high”), and 長ける (takeru, “to be high”).

    Noun[edit]

    岳(たけ) or 岳(だけ) • (take or dake) 

    1. a tall mountain
    2. a mountain peak
      • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 612:
        Taqe. (タケ) (嶽・岳) 山脈や山の高い所, あるいは, 頂. これの本来の語はDaqe (だけ)である.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

    Suffix[edit]

    岳(たけ) or 岳(だけ) • (-take or -dake) 

    1. mount, mountain
      乗(のり)鞍(くら)岳(だけ) ― Norikura-dake ― Mount Norikura

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    岳(たけし) • (Takeshi) 

    1. a male given name

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    岳(たける) • (Takeru) 

    1. a male given name

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    岳
    がく
    Grade: S
    on’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    嶽 (kyūjitai)

    Proper noun[edit]

    岳(がく) • (Gaku) 

    1. a male given name

    References[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    岳 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    岳: Hán Nôm readings: nhạc

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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