帕

帕 U+5E15, 帕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E15 ← 帔 [U+5E14] CJK Unified Ideographs 帖 → [U+5E16]

Translingual

Han character

帕 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 中月竹日 (LBHA), four-corner 4620₀, composition ⿰巾白)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 329, character 44
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8848
• Dae Jaweon: page 635, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 734, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5E15

Chinese

simp. and trad.		帕

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
怕	*pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ
帕	*pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd
粕	*pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
胉	*pʰaːɡ
泊	*baːɡ
箔	*baːɡ
魄	*tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
皕	*prɯɡ
伯	*praːɡ
百	*praːɡ
迫	*praːɡ
敀	*praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
柏	*praːɡ
湐	*praːɡ
拍	*pʰraːɡ
珀	*pʰraːɡ
皛	*pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ
洦	*mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ
白	*braːɡ
帛	*braːɡ
舶	*braːɡ
鮊	*braːɡ
陌	*mbraːɡ
帞	*mbraːɡ
袹	*mbraːɡ
蛨	*mbraːɡ
貊	*mbraːɡ
佰	*mbraːɡ
銆	*mbraːɡ
碧	*praɡ, *preɡ
咟	*ɦmreːɡ

Etymology

“Phrae Province; Phrae City”

Borrowed from Thai แพร่ (prɛ̂ɛ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): pà (pa⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄚˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pa⁴ / pa¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paak³, paa³, mat⁶, mak⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): pha

  (Meixian, Guangdong): pa⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): pá
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phàⁿ / phà / phè / phèe / pheh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pê³

• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pe⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pà
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pà
    • Wade–Giles: pʻa⁴
    • Yale: pà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pah
    • Palladius: па (pa)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰä⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: pa⁴ / pa¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pa / pa
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰa²¹³/, /pʰa⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: paak³, paa³, mat⁶, mak⁶
    • Yale: paak, pa, maht, mahk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paak⁸, paa³, mat⁹, mak⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: pag³, pa³, med⁶, meg⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːk̚³/, /pʰaː³³/, /mɐt̚²/, /mɐk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha
    • Hakka Romanization System: pa
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰa⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: pa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰa⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: pá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: phànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phvax
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰã⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phà
    • Tâi-lô: phà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phax
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰa²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phè
    • Tâi-lô: phè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phex
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /pʰe²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰe¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰe⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phèe
    • Tâi-lô: phèe
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɛ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pheh
    • Tâi-lô: pheh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pheq
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰeʔ³²/

Note:

• phàⁿ/phà - literary;
• phè/phèe/pheh - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: pê³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phè
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰe²¹³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: pe⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤ̞²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: maet

Rime
Character	帕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	刪 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	莫鎋切
Baxter	maet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨt̚/
Li Rong	/mat̚/
Wang Li	/mat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/măt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maat6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰraːɡs/, /*mbraːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	帕	帕
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	185	186
Phonetic component	白	白
Rime group	暮	月
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	帊	𥗥
Old Chinese	/*pʰraːɡs/	/*mbraːd/
Notes	同帊

Definitions

帕

1. to wrap
2. kerchief, handkerchief, headscarf
3. Short for 帕斯卡 (Pàsīkǎ, “pascal (SI unit)”).
4. (～府) Phrae province
5. (～市) Phrae city

Compounds

• 伊底帕斯
• 佛帕
• 坎帕拉 (Kǎnpàlā)
• 帕修斯
• 帕勞／帕劳 (Pàláo)
• 帕子 (pàzi)
• 帕巴拉
• 帕息吉
• 帕拉
• 帕提亞／帕提亚 (Pàtíyà)
• 帕斯卡 (Pàsīkǎ)
• 帕格尼尼 (Pàgéníní)
• 帕耳美拉
• 帕腹
• 帕頭／帕头
• 帕首
• 手帕 (shǒupà)
• 手帕姊妹
• 手帕子
• 書帕／书帕
• 書帕本／书帕本
• 歐帕林／欧帕林
• 汗帕
• 絹帕／绢帕
• 羅帕／罗帕
• 臉帕／脸帕

 

References

• “帕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

帕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): ばつ (batsu); めち (mechi); は (ha); へ (he); はく (haku); みゃく (myaku); みゅく (myuku)
• Kun: つつむ (tsutsumu)

Korean

Hanja

帕 • (mal, pa) (hangeul 말, 파, revised mal, pa, McCune–Reischauer mal, p'a)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

帕: Hán Nôm readings: phạ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation