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Chinese [ edit ]
again; recover; reply to a letter
again; recover; reply to a letter; to repeat; to duplicate
to be born; to give birth; life
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
trad. (復生 )
復
生
simp. (复生 )
复
生
Pronunciation [ edit ]
Rime
Character
復
生
生
Reading #
2/2
1/2
2/2
Initial (聲 )
並 (3)
生 (21)
生 (21)
Final (韻 )
東 (4)
庚 (109)
庚 (109)
Tone (調 )
Checked (Ø)
Level (Ø)
Departing (H)
Openness (開合 )
Open
Open
Open
Division (等 )
III
II
II
Fanqie
房 六 切
所 庚 切
所 敬 切
Baxter
bjuwk
sraeng
sraengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang
/bɨuk̚ /
/ʃˠæŋ /
/ʃˠæŋH /
Pan Wuyun
/biuk̚ /
/ʃᵚaŋ /
/ʃᵚaŋH /
Shao Rongfen
/biuk̚ /
/ʃaŋ /
/ʃaŋH /
Edwin Pulleyblank
/buwk̚ /
/ʂaɨjŋ /
/ʂaɨjŋH /
Li Rong
/biuk̚ /
/ʃɐŋ /
/ʃɐŋH /
Wang Li
/bĭuk̚ /
/ʃɐŋ /
/ʃɐŋH /
Bernard Karlgren
/bʱi̯uk̚ /
/ʂɐŋ /
/ʂɐŋH /
Expected Mandarin Reflex
fú
shēng
shèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex
fuk6
sang1
sang3
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
復
生
生
Reading #
2/2
1/3
3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
fù
shēng
shēng
Middle Chinese
‹ bjuwk ›
‹ sræng ›
‹ srjæng ›
Old Chinese
/*m-p(r)uk/
/*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?)
/*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?)
English
return
bear, be born; live
bear, be born; live
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
復
生
生
Reading #
2/2
1/2
2/2
No.
3550
11312
11322
Phonetic component
复
生
生
Rime group
覺
耕
耕
Rime subdivision
1
0
0
Corresponding MC rime
伏
生
生
Old Chinese
/*buɡ/
/*sʰleːŋ/
/*sreŋs/
復生
( intransitive ) to come back to life
亡國 不 可以 復 存 ,死者 不 可以 復生 。 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 亡国 不 可以 复 存 ,死者 不 可以 复生 。 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: The Art of War , circa 5th century BCE Wángguó bù kěyǐ fù cún, sǐzhě bù kěyǐ fùshēng . [Pinyin] The perished states cannot be refounded, and the dead cannot come back to life .
又 信 聖神 ;大公 聖會 ,聖徒 相通 ;罪 得 赦宥 ;身體 復生 ;後 享 永生 ,誠心所願 。 [Literary Cantonese , trad. ] 又 信 圣神 ;大公 圣会 ,圣徒 相通 ;罪 得 赦宥 ;身体 复生 ;后 享 永生 ,诚心所愿 。 [Literary Cantonese , simp. ] From: 使徒信經 (Apostles' Creed), in 禮賢會規定禮文 jau6 seon3 sing3 san4 ; daai6 gung1 sing3 wui6 , sing3 tou4 soeng1 tung1 ; zeoi6 dak1 se3 jau6 ; san1 tai2 fau6 sang1 ; hau6 hoeng2 wing5 sang1 , sing4 sam1 so2 jyun6 . [Jyutping] I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen.
Synonyms [ edit ]
回生 ( huíshēng ) 復活 / 复活 ( fùhuó ) 殅 ( shēng ) ( literary ) 甦 / 苏 ( sū ) ( literary ) 翻生 ( faan1 saang1 ) ( Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew ) 閣活 / 阁活 ( Hokkien )