(refers to something that happened previously); already; at some time in the past (refers to something that happened previously); already; at some time in the past; before; once; great-grand (father) |
grandson | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (曾孫) | 曾 | 孫 | |
| simp. (曾孙) | 曾 | 孙 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 曾 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) | 魂 (55) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 作滕切 | 思渾切 |
| Baxter | tsong | swon |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡səŋ/ | /suon/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡səŋ/ | /swən/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zēng | sūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
zang1 | syun1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 曾 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zēng | sūn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsong › | ‹ swon › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ts]ˁəŋ/ | /*[s]ˁu[n]/ |
| English | remote (ancestor) | grandchild; descendant |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 曾 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 16616 | 12178 |
| Phonetic component |
曾 | 孫 |
| Rime group |
蒸 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
孫 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsɯːŋ/ | /*suːn/ |
| Notes | 朱芳圃云爲甑初文， 非形聲字 |
|
曾孫