瓣

瓣 U+74E3, 瓣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-74E3 ← 瓢 [U+74E2] CJK Unified Ideographs 瓤 → [U+74E4]

Translingual

Japanese	弁
Simplified	瓣
Traditional	瓣

Alternative forms

• 弁 (Japanese simplified form which also covers 辨 and 辯)

Han character

瓣 (Kangxi radical 97, 瓜+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 卜十竹人十 (YJHOJ), four-corner 0044₁, composition ⿲辛瓜辛)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 747, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21425
• Dae Jaweon: page 1155, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4043, character 12
• Unihan data for U+74E3

Chinese

trad.		瓣
simp. #		瓣
2nd round simp.		⿱艹半

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
辬	*praːn
瓣	*breːns
辦	*breːns
辨	*breːns, *brenʔ
辡	*prenʔ, *brenʔ
辯	*brenʔ
辮	*beːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *breːns) : phonetic 辡 (OC *prenʔ, *brenʔ) + semantic 瓜 (“melon”).

Etymology

"segment, section, piece"

Exopassive of 辨 (OC *brenʔ, “to divide, distinguish, discriminate”); possibly in the same word-family as another exopassive 釆 (“[to cause to be] divided”). These three thus may be related to either 班 (OC *praːn, “to distribute → to arrange, classify → class, group”) or Mizo pʰel (“to split, cut in halves”) (with medial *-r- dropped after labial initials according to Mizo phonotactics) (Schuessler, 2007).

"petal"

Either same etymon as "segment, section, piece"; or same etymon as *葩 (OC *pʰraː, “flower”); or related to 燔 (OC *ban, “to burn”), if so, semantically parallel to Tibetan མེ་ཏོག (me tog, “flower”), literally "fire-top".

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bàn (ban⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ban⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baan⁶, faan⁶, baan^6-2, faan^6-2
• Gan (Wiktionary): pan³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phan

  (Meixian, Guangdong): pan⁴

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pān / bān
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵pe; ⁶be

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bàn
    • Wade–Giles: pan⁴
    • Yale: bàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bann
    • Palladius: бань (banʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (瓣兒／瓣儿)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bànr
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bànr
    • Wade–Giles: pan⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: bànr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ball
    • Palladius: баньр (banʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑɻ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ban⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ban
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pan²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baan⁶, faan⁶, baan^6-2, faan^6-2
    • Yale: baahn, faahn, báan, fáan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baan⁶, faan⁶, baan^6-2, faan^6-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: ban⁶, fan⁶, ban^6-2, fan^6-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːn²²/, /faːn²²/, /paːn²²⁻³⁵/, /faːn²²⁻³⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: pan³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰan²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phan
    • Hakka Romanization System: pan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰan⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: pan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰan⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pān
    • Tâi-lô: pān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pan
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pan²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pan³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān
    • Tâi-lô: bān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ban
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ban³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵pe; ⁶be
    • MiniDict: pe^去; be^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pe; ³be
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pe³⁴/, /be²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: beanH

Rime
Character	瓣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	蒲莧切
Baxter	beanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠɛnH/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚænH/
Shao Rongfen	/bænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bəɨnH/
Li Rong	/bɛnH/
Wang Li	/bænH/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱănH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	baan6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*breːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瓣
Reading #	1/1
No.	781
Phonetic component	辡
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	瓣
Old Chinese	/*breːns/

Definitions

瓣

1. ^† melon seeds
2. petal
3. segment; section; piece; clove (of garlic)

   • 你再這麼淘氣，非把屁股摔成八瓣兒不可！ [MSC, trad.]
     你再这么淘气，非把屁股摔成八瓣儿不可！ [MSC, simp.]

     Nǐ zài zhème táoqì, fēi bǎ pìgǔ shuāi chéng bā bànr bùkě! [Pinyin]

     If you keep on being this naughty, you'll fall down and split your butt into eight pieces!

4. (medicine) Short for 瓣膜 (bànmó, “valve”).

   二尖瓣  ―  èrjiānbàn  ―  mitral valve; bicuspid valve

5. Classifier for pieces and segments, such as those of (cut-up) fruits or petals.
6. (Cantonese) Classifier for domains of activity.; field

   瓣瓣掂 [Cantonese]  ―  faan⁶ faan⁶ dim⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  great at everything; versatile

Compounds

• 一瓣心香
• 三尖瓣 (sānjiānbàn)
• 三瓣嘴
• 主動脈瓣／主动脉瓣 (zhǔdòngmài bàn)
• 乳瓣
• 二尖瓣 (èrjiānbàn)
• 八瓣兒五／八瓣儿五
• 半月瓣 (bànyuèbàn)
• 合瓣花冠
• 心瓣 (xīnbàn)
• 心瓣膜 (xīnbànmó)
• 心臟瓣／心脏瓣
• 旗瓣
• 活瓣
• 瓣膜 (bànmó)
• 瓣香
• 瓣鰓類／瓣鳃类
• 翼瓣
• 脣瓣／唇瓣
• 花瓣 (huābàn)
• 花葯瓣／花药瓣
• 蒜瓣兒／蒜瓣儿
• 蒜瓣骨朵
• 豆瓣醬／豆瓣酱 (dòubànjiàng)
• 豬心瓣膜／猪心瓣膜
• 辣瓣兒醬／辣瓣儿酱 (làbànrjiàng)
• 迴盲瓣／回盲瓣 (huímángbàn)
• 重瓣胃 (chóngbànwèi)
• 離瓣花冠／离瓣花冠

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	弁
Kyūjitai	瓣

Kanji

瓣

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 弁)

1. flower petal
2. valve

Readings

• Go-on: べん (ben)
• Kan-on: はん (han)
• Kun: はなびら (hanabira)

Compounds

• 安(あん)全(ぜん)瓣(べん) (anzenben)
• 花(か)瓣(べん) (kaben)
• 豆(とう)瓣(べん)醤(しょう) (tōbenshō)
• 逆(ぎゃく)止(し)瓣(べん) (gyakushiben, “check valve”)

Noun

瓣(べん) • (ben) 

1. (anatomy) valve (membranous partition, flap, or fold, which allows flow in only one direction, e.g. a heart valve)
2. valve (device that controls the flow of a fluid through a pipe)

Synonyms

• (valve: in anatomy): 瓣膜(べんまく) (benmaku) / 弁膜(べんまく) (benmaku)
• (valve: device): バルブ (barubu)

Counter

瓣(べん) • (-ben) 

1. flower petals

Usage notes

In Japanese shinjitai, 瓣, 辨, and 辯 have all been simplified to one character, 弁.

Korean

Hanja

瓣 (eum 판 (pan))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

瓣: Hán Nôm readings: bẹ, biện

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.