眾人

See also: 众人

Chinese

		numerous; multitude; crowd	man; person; people
trad. (眾人/衆人)		眾/衆	人
simp. (众人)		众	人
alternative forms		眾儂／众侬 Min vernacular 衆𠆧／众𠆧 Eastern Min vernacular

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhòngrén

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung³ jan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chung-ngìn
• Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng / cé̤ṳng-ìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lâng / chiòng-jîn / chiòng-lîn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng³ nang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhòngrén
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhòngrén
    • Wade–Giles: chung⁴-jên²
    • Yale: jùng-rén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonqren
    • Palladius: чжунжэнь (čžunžɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zung³ jan⁴
    • Yale: jung yàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung³ jan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung³ yen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³³ jɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chung-ngìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung nginˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung⁴ ngin²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng / cé̤ṳng-ìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ nˡøyŋ⁵³/, /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋiŋ⁵³/

Note:

• cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng - vernacular;
• cé̤ṳng-ìng - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lâng
    • Tâi-lô: tsìng-lâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zeanglaang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-jîn
    • Tâi-lô: tsiòng-jîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciorngjiin
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zin²³/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-lîn
    • Tâi-lô: tsiòng-lîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciorngliin
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/

Note:

• Taiwan:
  • chèng-lâng - vernacular;
  • chiòng-jîn/chiòng-lîn - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zêng³ nang⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng nâng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/

Note: zêng3 nang5 - vernacular.

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• Middle Chinese: tsyuwngH nyin

Rime
Character	眾	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之仲切	如鄰切
Baxter	tsyuwngH	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuŋH/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuŋH/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuŋH/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwŋH/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuŋH/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuŋH/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uŋH/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòng	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung3	jan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tuŋ-s  ni[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋs  njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	眾	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòng	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwngH ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ-s/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	numerous	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眾	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	17491	10800
Phonetic component	衆	人
Rime group	終	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	衆	仁
Old Chinese	/*tjuŋs/	/*njin/
Notes	甲文象日下三人， 金文或改目下， 表衆人在監督下勞作

Noun

眾人

1. everybody; everyone

   眾人的眼光／众人的眼光  ―  zhòngrén de yǎnguāng  ―  all eyes; public gaze

   • 舉世皆濁我獨清，眾人皆醉我獨醒。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     举世皆浊我独清，众人皆醉我独醒。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Jǔshì jiē zhuó wǒ dú qīng, zhòngrén jiē zuì wǒ dú xǐng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (Classical) normal people; ordinary people; commoner

   • 君子之所為，眾人固不識也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     君子之所为，众人固不识也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jūnzǐ zhī suǒ wèi, zhòngrén gù bù shí yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. (Classical, historical) serf (in the Shang and Zhou dynasties)

   • 命我眾人，庤乃錢鎛。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     命我众人，庤乃钱镈。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Mìng wǒ zhòngrén, zhì nǎi qiánbó. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• (everybody):

• 一體／一体 (yītǐ)
• 人人 (rénrén)
• 儕儕／侪侪 (Hakka)
• 各人 (gèrén)
• 大夥／大伙 (dàhuǒ) (colloquial)
• 大家
• 大家夥／大家伙 (dàjiāhuǒ) (colloquial)
• 所有人 (suǒyǒurén)
• 所有的人 (suǒyǒu de rén)
• 每人 (měirén)
• 每儕／每侪 (Hakka)
• 逐人 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 逐個／逐个 (Hokkien)
• 逐儕／逐侪 (Hakka)
• 逐股 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

 

• (normal people):

• 一般人 (yībānrén)
• 世人 (shìrén)
• 世間人／世间人 (Hokkien)
• 人士 (rénshì) (literary)
• 人民 (rénmín)
• 人群 (rénqún)
• 人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
• 俗人 (súrén)
• 俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
• 𫣆人 (Hakka)
• 兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
• 公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
• 凡人 (fánrén)
• 凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
• 匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
• 四眾人／四众人 (Teochew)
• 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
• 大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
• 子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
• 家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
• 布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
• 常人 (chángrén)
• 平人 (píngrén) (literary)
• 平常人 (píngchángrén)
• 平民 (píngmín)
• 庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
• 庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
• 斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
• 普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
• 民人 (mínrén) (literary)
• 民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
• 烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
• 白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
• 白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
• 白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
• 白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
• 百姓
• 萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
• 群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
• 老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
• 良人 (liángrén) (literary)
• 草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
• 草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
• 草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
• 萌 (literary)
• 野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
• 黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
• 黎民 (límín) (literary)
• 黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
• 黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)

 

Derived terms

• 一人不敵眾人智／一人不敌众人智
• 牆倒眾人推／墙倒众人推 (qiáng dǎo zhòngrén tuī)
• 眾人代／众人代
• 眾人國士／众人国士
• 眾人廣坐／众人广坐
• 眾人拾柴火焰高／众人拾柴火焰高
• 眾人知／众人知

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (眾人):

• → Japanese: 衆(しゅう)人(じん) (shūjin)
• → Korean: 중인(眾人) (jung'in)

Pronunciation 2

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lâng / chiòng-lâng

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lâng
    • Tâi-lô: tsìng-lâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zeanglaang
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-lâng
    • Tâi-lô: tsiòng-lâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciornglaang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/

Adverb

眾人

1. (Southern Min) in public

Synonyms

• 當眾／当众 (dāngzhòng)
• (Hokkien) 當眾人面／当众人面