phonetic | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (蘇波呵) | 蘇 | 波 | 呵 | |
simp. (苏波呵) | 苏 | 波 | 呵 | |
alternative forms | 娑婆訶/娑婆诃 |
Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वाहा (svāhā).
Rime | |||
---|---|---|---|
Character | 蘇 | 波 | 呵 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 幫 (1) | 曉 (32) |
Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 戈 (95) | 歌 (94) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Closed | Open |
Division (等) | I | I | I |
Fanqie | 素姑切 | 博禾切 | 虎何切 |
Baxter | su | pa | xa |
Reconstructions | |||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/suo/ | /puɑ/ | /hɑ/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/suo/ | /puɑ/ | /hɑ/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/so/ | /puɑ/ | /xɑ/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/sɔ/ | /pwa/ | /ha/ |
Li Rong |
/so/ | /puɑ/ | /xɑ/ |
Wang Li |
/su/ | /puɑ/ | /xɑ/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/suo/ | /puɑ/ | /xɑ/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
sū | bō | hē |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
sou1 | bo1 | ho1 |
蘇波呵