虞夏

Chinese

		forewarned; peace; worry	summer; Xia (proper name)
trad. (虞夏)		虞	夏
simp. #(虞夏)		虞	夏

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Yúxià

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ haa⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Yúxià
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Yúsià
    • Wade–Giles: Yü²-hsia⁴
    • Yale: Yú-syà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Yushiah
    • Palladius: Юйся (Jujsja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴ haa⁶
    • Yale: yùh hah
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ haa⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ ha⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹ haː²²/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 如下 餘暇／余暇

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• Middle Chinese: ngju haeX

Rime
Character	虞	夏
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	遇俱切	胡雅切
Baxter	ngju	haeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨo/	/ɦˠaX/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋio/	/ɦᵚaX/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋio/	/ɣaX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuə̆/	/ɦaɨX/
Li Rong	/ŋio/	/ɣaX/
Wang Li	/ŋĭu/	/ɣaX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯u/	/ɣaX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	xià
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4	haa6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a  [ɢ]ˤraʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷa  ɡraːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虞	虞	夏
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú	yú	xià
Middle Chinese	‹ ngju ›	‹ ngju ›	‹ hæX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a/	/*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a/	/*[ɢ]ˁraʔ/
English	foresee	gamester; forester	great; pertaining to Chinese civilization
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	虞	夏
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	13103	13452
Phonetic component	吴	夏
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		下
Old Chinese	/*ŋʷa/	/*ɡraːʔ/

Proper noun

虞夏

1. the time of Youyu-shi and the Xia dynasty