要害

Chinese

		important; vital; to want important; vital; to want; to be going to; must; demand; ask; request; coerce	to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
trad. (要害)		要	害
simp. #(要害)		要	害

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yàohài

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu³ hoi⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iàu-hāi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iao³ hai⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yàohài
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yàohài
    • Wade–Giles: yao⁴-hai⁴
    • Yale: yàu-hài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yawhay
    • Palladius: яохай (jaoxaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jiu³ hoi⁶
    • Yale: yiu hoih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu³ hoi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu³ hoi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯³³ hɔːi̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iàu-hāi
    • Tâi-lô: iàu-hāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iao'hai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iau²¹⁻⁵³ hai²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau²¹⁻⁵³ hai²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iau¹¹⁻⁵³ hai³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau²¹⁻⁴¹ hai³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iao³ hai⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iàu hāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hai¹¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jiewH hajH

Rime
Character	要	害
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	於笑切	胡蓋切
Baxter	'jiewH	hajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇuH/	/ɦɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛuH/	/ɦɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjæuH/	/ɣɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiawH/	/ɦajH/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛuH/	/ɣɑiH/
Wang Li	/ĭɛuH/	/ɣɑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛuH/	/ɣɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yào	hài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu3	hoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[q]ew(k)-s  N-kˤat-s|m-kˤat-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qews  ɡaːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	要	害	害
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yào	hài	hài
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiewH ›	‹ hajH ›	‹ hajH ›
Old Chinese	/*[q]ew(k)-s/	/*N-kˁat-s/	/*m-kˁat-s/
English	important	be hurt (v.i.); injury (n.)	hurt (v.t.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	要	害
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	14752	4845
Phonetic component	要	害
Rime group	宵	祭
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	要	害
Old Chinese	/*qews/	/*ɡaːds/
Notes		金文非丯聲，似𥎆初文加古聲， 㝬通胡

Noun

要害

1. vulnerable part (of the body); vital organ
2. crucial point; strategic point; key

Synonyms

• (crucial point):

• 牛鼻子 (niúbízi) (figurative)
• 癥結／症结 (zhēngjié) (figurative)
• 肯綮 (figurative)
• 關鍵／关键 (guānjiàn)
• 關鍵之處／关键之处 (guānjiàn zhī chù)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (要害):

• → Japanese: 要害(ようがい) (yōgai)
• → Korean: 요해(要害) (yohae)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
要	害
ぬみ
Grade: 4	Grade: 4
jukujikun

Kanji in this term
要	害
ぬま
Grade: 4	Grade: 4
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 要害 – see the following entry.

【要ぬま】4 [noun] [720] (archaic, possibly obsolete) fortress, redoubt [noun] [720] (archaic, possibly obsolete) important point, key Alternative spelling ぬみ

(This term, 要害, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
要	害

Noun

要害 • (yohae) (hangeul 요해)

1. Hanja form^? of 요해 (“vital part; crucial point; strategic point”).