閂

See also: 闩

閂 U+9582, 閂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9582 ← 閁 [U+9581] CJK Unified Ideographs 閃 → [U+9583]

Translingual

Han character

閂 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+1, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一 (ANM), four-corner 7710₇, composition ⿵門一)

1. bolt
2. latch
3. crossbar

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1330, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41211
• Dae Jaweon: page 1834, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4282, character 3
• Unihan data for U+9582

Chinese

trad.		閂
simp.		闩
alternative forms		𣟴 𣠯

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 一 (“crossbar”) ― a crossbar over a gate; sealing it closed.

Compare 關.

Etymology 1

Related to 關 (OC *kroːn) (Zhengzhang, 2003).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shuān (shuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄢ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): suan⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saan¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): san¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): son¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhôn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): con¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): suan¹
• Northern Min (KCR): sóng
• Eastern Min (BUC): sŏng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): soan

  (Teochew, Peng'im): suang¹ / suêng¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹soe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xyan¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shuan
    • Wade–Giles: shuan¹
    • Yale: shwān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuan
    • Palladius: шуань (šuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯än⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: suan⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: suan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suan²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: saan¹
    • Yale: sāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: san¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: san¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /san³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: son¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhôn
    • Hakka Romanization System: con´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: con¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰon²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: con¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔn⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: suan¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /suæ̃¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sóng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /souŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan
    • Tâi-lô: suan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soafn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /suan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: suang¹ / suêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suang / sueng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suaŋ³³/, /sueŋ³³/

Note: suêng1 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹soe
    • MiniDict: soe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹soe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sø⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: xyan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯æn³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 閂
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂuan⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʂuan⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/suan²¹/
	Jinan	/ʂuã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʂuã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂuan²⁴/
	Xi'an	/fã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʂuan⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/fɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʂuan⁴⁴/ /fan⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/suan⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/suan¹³/
	Guiyang	/suan²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʂuaŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʂuæ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/suæ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/suɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/suæ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/sø⁵³/
	Suzhou	/sø⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/sz̩ʷõ³³/
	Wenzhou	/sø³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye³¹/
	Tunxi	/suːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyan³³/
	Xiangtan	/sɔn³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/sɵn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰon⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰon²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/san⁵³/
	Nanning	/san⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/san⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/suan⁵⁵/ /sŋ̍⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/souŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡sʰuã²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/suaŋ³³/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閂
Reading #	1/1
No.	11931
Phonetic component	閂
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	𣠯
Old Chinese	/*sqʰroːn/
Notes	𣟴今字，實與闗同根

Definitions

閂

1. bolt; latch; crossbar
2. to bolt; to latch
3. (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to close (a door, a gate, etc.)

   閂埋個窗／闩埋个窗 [Cantonese]  ―  saan¹ maai⁴ go³ coeng¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to close up the window

4. (Cantonese) to switch off; to turn off

   閂風扇／闩风扇 [Cantonese]  ―  saan¹ fung¹ sin³ [Jyutping]  ―  to turn off the fan

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 關 (“to close (a door, gate, etc.)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		關, 閉
Mandarin	Taiwan	關
	Wanrong	關
	Xi'an	關
	Yinchuan	關
	Wuhan	關
	Malaysia	關
	Singapore	關
Cantonese	Guangzhou	閂
	Hong Kong	閂
	Taishan	閂
	Singapore (Guangfu)	閂
Gan	Nanchang	關
	Pingxiang	關
Hakka	Meixian	關
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	關
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	關
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	關
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	關
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	關
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	關
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	關
Southern Min	Taipei	關
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	關
	Kaohsiung	關
	Yilan	關
	Changhua (Lukang)	關
	Taichung	關
	Tainan	關
	Hsinchu	關
	Kinmen	關
	Penghu (Magong)	關
	Penang (Hokkien)	崁
	Singapore (Hokkien)	關
	Shantou	關
	Singapore (Teochew)	關
	Singapore (Hainanese)	關

Compounds

• 上閂／上闩 (shàngshuān)
• 門閂／门闩 (ménshuān)
• 閂門／闩门 (shuānmén)
• 關門落閂／关门落闩

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Northern Min (KCR): cho̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): cháung
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhòaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cuan³

---

• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cho̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cháung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑuŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tshuànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhvoax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰuã²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuã²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuã¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuã²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cuan³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuàⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰũã²¹³/

Definitions

閂 (Min)

1. bolt; latch; crossbar
2. to bolt; to latch; to lock

   閂門／闩门 [Hokkien]  ―  chhòaⁿ-mn̂g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to lock a door

Compounds

• 門閂／门闩
• 閂根／闩根
• 閂門／闩门

 

Japanese

Kanji

閂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: さん (san)
• Kan-on: さん (san)
• Kun: かんぬき (kannuki, 閂)^{←くわんぬき (kwannuki, 閂, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
閂
かんぬき Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
貫木 (uncommon)

閂 (kannuki): a wooden crossbar used as a latch

/kʷan no ki/ → /kʷanːoki/ → /kʷanːuki/ → /kanːuki/

Shift from 貫の木 (kan no ki, literally “1-kan (3.75-kilogram/8.267-pound) wood”) or 関の木 (kan no ki, literally “barrier-wood”), possibly influenced by 貫き (nuki, “wooden beam used in joinery”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かんぬ​き [kàńnúꜜkì] (Nakadaka – [3])
• (Tokyo) かんぬき​ [kàńnúkíꜜ] (Odaka – [4])
• IPA^(key): [kã̠nːɯ̟ᵝkʲi]

Noun

閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) ^{←くわんぬき (kwannuki)?}

1. a heavy, usually wooden, crossbar used to lock across double doors or gates of an entrance to a building, similar to a latch

   Synonym: 貫木 (kangi)

2. (sumo) a grip in which one wrestler wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar

Derived terms

• 閂(かんぬき)差(ざ)し (kannuki-zashi)
• 閂(かんぬき)相(そう)場(ば) (kannuki sōba)
• 閂(かんぬき)止(ど)め (kannuki-dome)

Proper noun

閂(かんぬき) • (Kannuki) ^{←くわんぬき (Kwannuki)?}

1. a surname