Wiktionary:Word of the day/Recycled pages/July

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1

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motlopi n

The shepherd tree or shepherd's tree (Boscia albitrunca), an evergreen tree native to southern and tropical Africa which is one of the most important forage trees of the Kalahari. Today is Sir Seretse Khama Day in Botswana, which commemorates the birthday of Sir Seretse Khama, the first President of Botswana, on this day in 1901.

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2

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tinge v

(transitive) To add a small amount of colour; to tint; (by extension) to add a small amount of some other thing. (transitive, figuratively) To affect or alter slightly, particularly due to the actual or metaphorical influence of some element or thing. (intransitive) To change slightly in shade due to the addition of colour; (by extension) to change slightly in quality due to the addition of some other thing.

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3

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Paralympiad n

(sports) An occurrence of the Paralympic Games. (sports, rare) A period of four years between occurrences of the Paralympic Games. (by extension) Usually preceded by a descriptive word: a competition or series of competitions for disabled participants involving sports or other activities. The German-British neurologist Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who established the Stoke Mandeville Games in 1948 that were the forerunner of the Paralympic Games, was born on this day 125 years ago in 1899.

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4

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all-American adj

Comprising things that are wholly from the United States of America; completely made in the United States. Regarded as embodying the ideal qualities of the United States; (specifically) of a person: courageous, heroic; honest, wholesome, etc. (US, chiefly sports) Of a person or a team, or some other thing: regarded as the best in the United States. Today is celebrated as Independence Day in the United States.

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5

6

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ensorcell v (British spelling)

(transitive) To bewitch or enchant. (transitive, figuratively) To captivate, entrance, fascinate.

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7

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hebdomad n

(obsolete) A group of seven. A period of seven days; a week. (Gnosticism) A group of seven world-creating archons (supernatural beings) often regarded as somewhat hostile; also, a term of address for the Demiurge (“a being sometimes seen as the creator of evil”).

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8

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pessimize v

(transitive) To take a pessimistic view of; to speak of in a negative or pessimistic way. (transitive) To make (something) pessimal or the worst; (in a weaker sense) to make (something, such as a computer program) less efficient. (intransitive) To think like a pessimist; to believe the worst. (intransitive) To become pessimal or the worst.

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9

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hyperparasite n

(biology) Any parasite whose host is a parasite. (entomology, specifically) An insect that parasitizes another parasitic insect.

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10

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gorge v

(intransitive, reflexive) Often followed by on: To stuff the gorge or gullet with food; to eat greedily and in large quantities. (transitive) To swallow, especially with greediness, or in large mouthfuls or quantities. (transitive) To fill up to the throat; to glut, to satiate. (transitive) To fill up (an organ, a vein, etc.); to block up or obstruct; (US, specifically) of ice: to choke or fill a channel or passage, causing an obstruction.

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11

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13

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calvous adj

(formal, medicine, rare) Lacking most or all of one's hair; bald, hairless. (botany, rare) Lacking bristles or pappuses. The calvous British actor Sir Patrick Stewart was born on this day in 1940.

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14

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bastille v

Chiefly in French contexts: a bastion (“projecting part of a rampart or other fortification”) or tower of a castle; also, a fortified tower or other building; or a small citadel or fortress. (figuratively) A jail or prison, especially one regarded as mistreating its prisoners. (British, derogatory) Synonym of workhouse (“an institution for homeless poor people funded by the local parish, where the able-bodied were required to work”) (military, historical) The fortified encampment of an army besieging a place; also, any of the buildings in such an encampment. bastille v (transitive, also figuratively) To confine (someone or something) in, or as if in, a bastille (noun sense 2.1) or prison; to imprison. Today is Bastille Day, the national day of France which commemorates the storming of the Bastille—a key event in the French Revolution—that took place on this day 235 years ago in 1789, and celebrates the unity of the nation.

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15

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kombu n

Edible kelp (“a type of brown seaweed”) (from the class Phaeophyceae) used in East Asian cuisine. Today, the third Monday in July in 2019, is 海の日 (Umi no Hi) or Marine Day in Japan, a public holiday for giving thanks for the ocean’s bounty and for recognizing its importance to Japan as an island nation.

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16

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wristlet n

An elastic band worn to keep a glove from slipping off the wrist. A decorative band or bracelet that encircles the wearer's wrist; especially, a closely knitted one to keep it warm; a muffetee. A small handbag with a short strap for attaching it to the wearer's wrist. A handcuff.

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17

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justice delayed is justice denied proverb

If a wrong is not corrected within a reasonable time, it is as though the wrong were not corrected at all. Today is the Day of International Criminal Justice, which was instituted in 2010 by the states parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court to recognize the importance of international criminal justice.

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18

19

20

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lunar adj

Of, pertaining to, or resembling the Moon (that is, Luna, the Earth's moon); Lunar. Shaped like a crescent moon; lunate. (chiefly historical) (Believed to be) influenced by the Moon, as in character, growth, or properties. (alchemy, chemistry, historical) Of or pertaining to silver (which was symbolically associated with the Moon by alchemists). (astronomy) Of or pertaining to travel through space between the Earth and the Moon, or exploration and scientific investigation of the Moon. On this day 50 years ago in 1969, Apollo 11 became the first space mission that landed human beings on the Moon.

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21

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man in the moon proper n

An image of a man perceived in the dark maria (plains or “seas”) and light highlands or other features of the Moon, originally regarded as a man with a burden on his back or accompanied by a small dog, and now more commonly as a man's face in the full moon or his profile in a crescent moon; hence, an imaginary man thought to be living on the Moon. (obsolete, figurative) An imaginary person; also (UK politics, slang), an unidentified person who illegally pays for election expenditure and electors’ expenses, as long as the latter vote as the person wishes. The American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to step on to the Moon’s surface during the Apollo 11 mission on this day 55 years ago in 1969 at 02:56 UTC.

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22

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radiole n

(zoology) The spine of a sea urchin. (zoology) A heavily ciliated feather-like tentacle occuring in clusters on the crowns of certain tubeworms, especially those of the order Canalipalpata (the fan-head worms), used for feeding and respiration.

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23

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churchical adj

(Christianity, informal) Pertaining to or characteristic of church; ecclesiastical. (chiefly Jamaica, music) Belonging to a style of Reggae music that reflects a spiritual sensibility. (chiefly Jamaica, Rastafari) Pertaining to the strain of Rastafarian culture that emphasizes a traditional theocracy. Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974, was born on this day in 1892. He is worshipped as a deity and messiah by Rastafarians.

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24

25

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cutting n

(countable, uncountable) The action of the verb to cut. (countable) A section removed from a larger whole. (countable) A newspaper clipping. (countable, horticulture) A leaf, stem, branch, or root removed from a plant and cultivated to grow a new plant. (countable) An abridged selection of written work, often intended for performance. (countable, British) An open passage at a level lower than the surrounding terrain, dug for a canal, railway, or road to go through. (uncountable, cinematography, sound engineering) The editing of film or other recordings. (uncountable, machining) The process of bringing metals to a desired shape by chipping away the unwanted material. (uncountable, psychology) The act of cutting one's own skin as a symptom of a personality disorder; self-harm. The English pop rock band Cutting Crew released its debut single “(I Just) Died in Your Arms” in the United Kingdom on this day in 1986.

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26

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lexicography n

The art or craft of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries. (linguistics) The scholarly discipline of analysing and describing the semantic, syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships within the lexicon (vocabulary) of a language and developing theories of dictionary components and structures linking the data in dictionaries. Scottish lexicographer and philologist Sir James Murray, the main editor of the Oxford English Dictionary from 1879 until his death, died on this day 105 years ago in 1915.

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27

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carrier wave n

(physics) A wave that can be modulated, either in amplitude, frequency, or phase, to carry or transmit images, music, speech, or other signals. Italian electrical engineer and inventor Guglielmo Marconi, who is credited with inventing the radio, made the first public transmission of wireless signals on this day in 1896, from a site in London, United Kingdom, now occupied by the BT Centre.

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28

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brawl v

(intransitive) To engage in a brawl; to fight or quarrel. (intransitive) To create a disturbance; to complain loudly. (intransitive) Especially of a rapid stream running over stones: to make a loud, confused noise. (transitive) To pour abuse on; to scold. [...] (intransitive, obsolete) To move to and fro, to quiver, to shake.

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29

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smocking n

(sewing) An embroidery technique in which the fabric is gathered and then embroidered with decorative stitches to hold the gathers in place; the product of the use of this embroidery technique.

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30

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tajine n

(cooking) An earthenware cooking pot of North African origin, consisting of a shallow, round dish without handles and a tall, conical or dome-shaped lid. (by extension) A stew, originally from Morocco, the ingredients of which are traditionally cooked slowly in such a pot; the dish is normally served with couscous. Today is Eid Al-Ârch or the Festival of the Throne in Morocco, which commemorates the enthronement of King Mohammed VI on this day 20 years ago in 1999.

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31

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summit n

The topmost point or surface of a thing; the apex, the peak. The highest point of a hill, mountain, or similar geographical feature. (mathematics) A vertex of a polygon or polyhedron. (nautical, rail transport, road transport) The highest point of a canal, railway, road, etc. (obsolete) (botany) Synonym of anther (“the pollen-bearing part of the stamen of a flower”); also (rare), synonym of stigma (“the sticky part of a flower that receives pollen during pollination”) (crystallography, rare) One of the two vertices of a crystal with a rhombohedral shape where the angles of each face are equal; also, the highest point of a crystal with a pyramidal or tetrahedral shape. (figurative) The highest point of achievement, development, etc., that can be reached; the acme, the pinnacle. (politics) (archaic) The highest level of political leadership. (by extension) An assembly or gathering of the leaders of countries to discuss issues of international significance; also (loosely), an important or high-level gathering or meeting. summit v (transitive, climbing, informal) To reach the summit (noun sense 1.1) of (a mountain). (intransitive) (climbing, informal) To reach the summit of a mountain. (politics) To attend a summit (noun sense 2.2.2). [...] The mountaineers Achille Compagnoni and Lino Lacedelli, who were members of an Italian expedition, became the first people to reach the summit of K2—the second highest mountain in the world—on this day 70 years ago in 1954.

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