尿

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尿 U+5C3F, 尿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C3F
← 尾
[U+5C3E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 局 →
[U+5C40]
尿 U+F9BD, 尿
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9BD
← 寮
[U+F9BC] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 料 →
[U+F9BE]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

尿 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸水 (SE), four-corner 77232, composition ⿸尸水)

Derived characters[edit]

  • 㳮 (also its variant form)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 300, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7651
  • Dae Jaweon: page 596, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 966, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+5C3F

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 尿
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Small seal script

Pictogram (象形) in the oracle bone script. In the seal script, it became an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 尾 (“tail”) + 水 (“water”). 尾 later simplified into 尸 (“body”).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 尿
alternative forms 溺
㞙
㳮
𡲘
𡱤

Related to Proto-Tai *niəwᴮ (“urine”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • liō/jiō/giō/liǒ - colloquial;
  • niāu - literary.
Rime
Character 尿
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 蕭 (93)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 奴弔切
Baxter newH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/neuH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/neuH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/neuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/nɛwH/
Li
Rong 		/neuH/
Wang
Li 		/nieuH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/nieuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		niào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		niu6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 尿
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		niào
Middle
Chinese 		‹ newH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kə.nˁewk-s/
English urine

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 尿
Reading # 1/1
No. 9517
Phonetic
component 		尿
Rime
group 		豹
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		尿
Old
Chinese 		/*neːwɢs/
Notes 漢書作溺

Definitions[edit]

尿

  1. urine (Classifier: 泡 m; 篤／笃 c)
  2. to urinate; to pee
  3. (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) to pay attention to someone
  4. (dialectal Mandarin) to yield to; to give up; to admit defeat
  5. (Tianjin Mandarin) to fear; to be afraid of (the other party in a fight)
  6. (Tianjin Mandarin) to lose heart; to be discouraged; to be cowardly
  7. (Tianjin Mandarin) courage; guts
  8. (Ürümqi Mandarin) smug; cocky; pleased with oneself

Synonyms[edit]

  • (urine): 小便 (xiǎobiàn); (Wu, dated) 小溲
  • (to urinate):
Dialectal synonyms of 撒尿 (“to urinate”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 溺, 旋, 小遺
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 小便, 小解, 泌尿, 排尿, 尿
Mandarin Beijing 撒尿, 尿尿, 解小手兒
Taiwan 撒尿, 小便, 尿尿, 上一號, 上小號
Tianjin 解小手兒
Harbin 小便, 尿尿, 解小手兒, 放水
Yantai (Muping) 尿尿
Jinan 尿尿, 解小手, 小便
Luoyang 小便, 尿尿, 解小手兒, 放水
Wanrong 尿尿
Xi'an 尿尿
Yinchuan 尿尿, 解手
Lanzhou 尿尿, 消水
Xining 解小手, 解手, 尿尿, 消水, 小便
Ürümqi 尿尿, 小便, 解小手
Wuhan 屙尿, 解小手, 打岔, 打小岔
Chengdu 屙尿, 解小手
Guiyang 屙尿, 解小手, 解小便, 解手, 放水
Kunming 解小手, 撒尿
Liuzhou 屙尿, 解小手, 解小便, 射尿
Xuzhou 尿尿, 解小手, 小解, 小便
Yangzhou 尿尿, 出小恭, 解手, 方便, 小便
Nanjing 撒尿
Hefei 撒尿, 尿尿
Nantong 拆尿, 尿尿
Malaysia 尿, 小便 childish
Singapore 小便
Cantonese Guangzhou 屙尿, 小便, 放輕 slang, 放水 slang, 放低二兩 slang
Hong Kong 屙尿, 小便, 𭉝𭉝 childish, 屙𭉝𭉝 childish, 屙wee wee childish, 放水 slang, 放低二兩 slang, 揸水 slang, 交水費 slang, 擺柳 slang
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 屙尿
Macau 屙尿, 小便
Guangzhou (Panyu) 屙尿
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 屙尿
Guangzhou (Conghua) 屙尿
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 屙尿
Foshan 屙尿
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 屙尿
Foshan (Shunde) 屙尿
Foshan (Sanshui) 屙尿
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 屙尿
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 屙尿
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 屙尿
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 屙尿
Zhuhai (Doumen) 屙尿
Jiangmen (Baisha) 屙尿
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 屙尿
Taishan 屙尿
Kaiping (Chikan) 屙尿, 放二兩
Enping (Niujiang) 屙尿
Heshan (Yayao) 屙尿
Dongguan 屙尿
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 屙尿
Yangjiang 屙尿
Zhanjiang 擺柳
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屙尿
Singapore (Guangfu) 屙尿, 𭉝𭉝 childish
Gan Nanchang 屙尿, 解小手
Lichuan 屙尿
Pingxiang 屙尿, 解小手
Hakka Meixian 屙尿
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 屙尿, 屙注 childish
Changting 屙尿
Yudu 屙尿
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屙尿
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 屙尿
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 屙尿
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 屙尿
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屙尿
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 屙尿
Senai (Huiyang) 屙尿
Kuching (Hepo) 屙尿
Huizhou Jixi 屙尿
Jin Taiyuan 尿尿
Northern Min Jian'ou 𱚺尿
Eastern Min Fuzhou 拉尿, 小解
Southern Min Xiamen 放尿, 濺尿
Quanzhou 放尿, 濺尿
Jinjiang 放尿
Zhangzhou 放尿, 濺尿
Zhao'an 放尿
Taipei 放尿
Kaohsiung 放尿
Penang (Hokkien) 放尿
Singapore (Hokkien) 放尿, 濺尿
Manila (Hokkien) 放尿, 小便
Chaozhou 放尿
Shantou 放尿
Shantou (Chaoyang) 放尿
Jieyang 放尿
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 放尿
Singapore (Teochew) 放尿
Pontianak (Teochew) 放尿
Leizhou 放尿
Wenchang 放尿
Haikou 放尿
Singapore (Hainanese) 放尿
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屙尿
Wu Shanghai 拆尿, 惹尿, 小便, 小解, 解小溲, 交水費, 唱歌 humorous, 噓噓 childish, 拆尿尿 childish, 惹尿尿 childish, 小溲 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 射尿
Suzhou 拆尿, 惹尿
Wuxi 惹尿
Danyang 渣尿
Hangzhou 惹尿
Ningbo 惹尿
Wenzhou 拉尿
Jinhua 射尿, 泡尿, 放尿
Xiang Changsha 屙尿, 解小手
Loudi 屙尿, 射尿, 解小手, 屙稀稀 childish
Shuangfeng 屙尿

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 尿

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • seoi1 - literary;
  • syu4 - vernacular.
Note:
  • sui1 - literary;
  • su1 - vernacular.

Definitions[edit]

尿

  1. (colloquial) urine
  2. (colloquial) to urinate; to pee
  3. (dialectal Mandarin) bad; spineless; poor; damned
  4. (Wuhan Mandarin) to fail; to break down
  5. (Wuhan Mandarin) ugly; plain-looking
  6. (Wuhan Mandarin) wantonly; arbitrarily; carelessly

See also[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

尿

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. urine

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
ゆまり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Compound of 湯 (yu, “warm water”) +‎ 放り (mari, “excretion”), the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 放(ま)る (maru, “to excrete”).[1][2][3]

First cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(ゆまり) • (yumari) 

  1. [720–???] (archaic, possibly obsolete) urine

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
ゆばり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/jumari/ → /jubari/

From 尿 (yumari). Bilabial nasal /m/ loses nasality, becoming /b/. Likely due to lexicalization of the term, and a loss of awareness of the origins of the mari portion.[1]

First cited to the Wamyō Ruijushō of roughly 934 CE.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(ゆばり) • (yubari) 

  1. [from 934] urine

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
いばり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/jumari/ → /jubari/ → */jʉbari/ → /ibari/

Shift from 尿 (yubari).[1][3]

Appears in a text from roughly 950 CE.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(いばり) • (ibari) 

  1. [from 950] urine

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
ばり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Shortening of yubari[1][2][3] or ibari.[1][2][5]

First cited to the early 1300s.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(ばり) • (bari) 

  1. [from early 1300s] urine

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
しと
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Unknown. Possibly onomatopoeia.

First cited to the Utsubo Monogatari of roughly 999 CE.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(しと) • (shito) 

  1. [999–???] (archaic) urine

Etymology 6[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
しし
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From baby talk, as a reduplication of the initial shi- in shito.[1][2][3]

First cited to a text from the late Muromachi period (late 1500s).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(しし) • (shishi) 

  1. [late 1500s–???] (archaic, childish) urine

Etymology 7[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
しい
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/ɕito/ → /ɕi/ → /ɕiː/

From baby talk.[1][2][3] From shito, formed by dropping the second syllable and lengthening the vowel.[1][2]

/ɕiɕi/ → /ɕiːɕiː/ → /ɕiː/

Alternatively, from shishi, formed by lengthening the vowel and dropping the second syllable.[2]

First cited to a text from the late 1700s.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(しい) • (shī) 

  1. [late 1700s–???] (archaic, childish) urine

Etymology 8[edit]

Kanji in this term
尿
にょう
Grade: S
goon
Alternative spelling
溺

/neu/ → /njoː/

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 尿 (MC newH, “urine”).

First cited to a text from 1275.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尿(にょう) • (nyō) ←ねう (neu)?

  1. [from 1275] urine

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 尿 (MC newH). Recorded as Middle Korean 뇨〯 (nyǒ) (Yale: nyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

尿 (eumhun 오줌 뇨 (ojum nyo), South Korea 오줌 요 (ojum yo))

  1. Hanja form? of 뇨/요 (“urine”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

尿: Hán Nôm readings: niếu, niệu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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