憲章

See also: 宪章

Chinese

		statute; constitution	chapter; seal; section
trad. (憲章)		憲	章
simp. (宪章)		宪	章

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiànzhāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hin³ zoeng¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiàn-chiong / hiàn-chiang

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiànzhāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siànjhang
    • Wade–Giles: hsien⁴-chang¹
    • Yale: syàn-jāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiannjang
    • Palladius: сяньчжан (sjanʹčžan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hin³ zoeng¹
    • Yale: hin jēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hin³ dzoeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hin³ zêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːn³³ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàn-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: hiàn-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiernciofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàn-chiang
    • Tâi-lô: hiàn-tsiang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiernciafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siaŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: xjonH tsyang

Rime
Character	憲	章
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	元 (65)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許建切	諸良切
Baxter	xjonH	tsyang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨɐnH/	/t͡ɕɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/hiɐnH/	/t͡ɕiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɐnH/	/t͡ɕiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨanH/	/cɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/xiɐnH/	/t͡ɕiaŋ/
Wang Li	/xĭɐnH/	/t͡ɕĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/xɨ̯ɐnH/	/t͡ɕi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn	zhāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hin3	zoeng1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰar  taŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hŋans  kjaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憲	章
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn	zhāng
Middle Chinese	‹ xjonH ›	‹ tsyang ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰar/ (~ *qʰar-s)	/*taŋ/
English	law; model; rule	brilliant; distinctive mark; to display
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憲	章
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4849	16817
Phonetic component	害	章
Rime group	元	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	獻	章
Old Chinese	/*hŋans/	/*kjaŋ/

Noun

憲章

1. charter (document)

   聯合國憲章 [MSC, trad.]
   联合国宪章 [MSC, simp.]

   Liánhéguó Xiànzhāng [Pinyin]

   Charter of the United Nations

2. (literary, historical) ancient laws and regulations

Synonyms

• (charter): 章程 (zhāngchéng)
• (ancient laws and regulations): 典章制度 (diǎnzhāng zhìdù), 典制 (diǎnzhì)

Derived terms

• 大憲章／大宪章 (Dà Xiànzhāng)

 

Verb

憲章

1. (literary) to follow the example of; to take as one's model; to pattern after; to imitate

   • 仲尼祖述堯舜，憲章文武，上律天時，下襲水土。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     仲尼祖述尧舜，宪章文武，上律天时，下袭水土。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Zhòngní zǔshù Yáo-Shùn, xiànzhāng Wén-Wǔ, shàng lǜ tiānshí, xià xí shuǐtǔ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• 仿效 (fǎngxiào)
• 仿照 (fǎngzhào)
• 仿行 (fǎngxíng)
• 取法 (qǔfǎ)
• 宗法 (zōngfǎ)
• 師匠／师匠 (shījiàng) (literary)
• 師法／师法 (shīfǎ) (literary)
• 憲法／宪法 (xiànfǎ) (Classical Chinese)
• 效仿 (xiàofǎng)
• 效尤 (xiàoyóu) (literary, to mimic wrongdoing)
• 效法 (xiàofǎ)
• 模仿 (mófǎng)
• 步武 (bùwǔ) (literary)
• 法象 (fǎxiàng) (archaic)
• 視／视 (shì) (archaic)
• 範圍／范围 (fànwéi) (Classical Chinese)
• 觀象／观象 (guānxiàng) (literary)
• 遵法 (zūnfǎ) (literary)

 

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
憲	章
けん Grade: 6	しょう Grade: 3
kan’on	on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) けんしょー [kèńshóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]

Noun

憲(けん)章(しょう) • (kenshō) ^{←けんしやう (kensyau)?}

1. charter

Derived terms

• 国(こく)連(れん)憲(けん)章(しょう) (kokuren kenshō)
• 児(じ)童(どう)憲(けん)章(しょう) (jidō kenshō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
憲	章
のり Grade: 6	あき Grade: 3
nanori

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) のり​あき [nòríꜜàkì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [no̞ɾʲia̠kʲi]

Proper noun

憲(のり)章(あき) • (Noriaki) 

1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja in this term
憲	章

Noun

憲章 • (heonjang) (hangeul 헌장)

1. Hanja form^? of 헌장 (“charter”).