無常
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See also: 无常
Chinese[edit]
not have | always; ever; often always; ever; often; frequently; common; general; constant | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (無常) | 無 | 常 | |
simp. (无常) | 无 | 常 |
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
無常
Derived terms[edit]
Noun[edit]
無常
- (Chinese mythology) Wuchang, one or two deities in Chinese folk religion who seize the spirits of people to the Underworld
- (Buddhism) impermanence
Derived terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
無常
- (euphemistic) to die; to pass away
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
無 | 常 |
む Grade: 4 |
じょう Grade: 5 |
goon |
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 無常 (MC mju dzyang), in turn a translation of Pali anicca or Sanskrit अनित्य (anitya).[1]
First cited in a Japanese text in the 勝鬘経義疏 (Shōmangyō Gisho) of 611, one of the three texts grouped together as the 三経義疏 (Sangyō Gisho).[2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
無常 • (mujō) ←むじやう (muzyau)?-na (adnominal 無常な (mujō na), adverbial 無常に (mujō ni))
- [from 611] transient, impermanent, mutable
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of 無常
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 無常だろ | むじょうだろ | mujō daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 無常で | むじょうで | mujō de |
Terminal (終止形) | 無常だ | むじょうだ | mujō da |
Attributive (連体形) | 無常な | むじょうな | mujō na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 無常なら | むじょうなら | mujō nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 無常であれ | むじょうであれ | mujō de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 無常ではない 無常じゃない |
むじょうではない むじょうじゃない |
mujō de wa nai mujō ja nai |
Informal past | 無常だった | むじょうだった | mujō datta |
Informal negative past | 無常ではなかった 無常じゃなかった |
むじょうではなかった むじょうじゃなかった |
mujō de wa nakatta mujō ja nakatta |
Formal | 無常です | むじょうです | mujō desu |
Formal negative | 無常ではありません 無常じゃありません |
むじょうではありません むじょうじゃありません |
mujō de wa arimasen mujō ja arimasen |
Formal past | 無常でした | むじょうでした | mujō deshita |
Formal negative past | 無常ではありませんでした 無常じゃありませんでした |
むじょうではありませんでした むじょうじゃありませんでした |
mujō de wa arimasen deshita mujō ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 無常で | むじょうで | mujō de |
Conditional | 無常なら(ば) | むじょうなら(ば) | mujō nara (ba) |
Provisional | 無常だったら | むじょうだったら | mujō dattara |
Volitional | 無常だろう | むじょうだろう | mujō darō |
Adverbial | 無常に | むじょうに | mujō ni |
Degree | 無常さ | むじょうさ | mujōsa |
Noun[edit]
- [from 611] transience, impermanence, mutability
- [from early 1200s] (figurative) death, the impermanence of one's life
Related terms[edit]
- 諸行無常 (shogyō mujō, “everything is transient”)
References[edit]
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “無常”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Vietnamese[edit]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
無 | 常 |
Noun[edit]
無常
- (Buddhism) chữ Hán form of vô thường (“impermanence”).
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- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
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- zh:Chinese mythology
- zh:Buddhism
- Chinese euphemisms
- Japanese terms spelled with 無 read as む
- Japanese terms spelled with 常 read as じょう
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- vi:Buddhism
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán