瓷

See also: 甆

瓷 U+74F7, 瓷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-74F7 ← 瓶 [U+74F6] CJK Unified Ideographs 瓸 → [U+74F8]

Translingual

Han character

瓷 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈人一女弓 (IOMVN) or 一人一女弓 (MOMVN), four-corner 3771₇, composition ⿱次瓦)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 749, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21491
• Dae Jaweon: page 1157, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1424, character 22
• Unihan data for U+74F7

Chinese

trad.		瓷
simp. #		瓷
alternative forms		甆 珁 𤮀 𦈱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瓷
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (次) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
咨	*ʔsli
資	*ʔsli
姿	*ʔsli
粢	*ʔsli
諮	*ʔsli
恣	*ʔslis
澬	*ʔsli, *zli
趑	*sʰli
蠀	*sʰli
次	*sn̥ʰis
佽	*sl̥ʰis
絘	*sl̥ʰis
薋	*zli
瓷	*zli
茨	*zli
餈	*zli
垐	*zli, *zlɯɡ
楶	*ʔsliːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zli) : phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis) + semantic 瓦 (“earthenware”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): cí (ci²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ci²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ci⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu³

• Gan (Wiktionary): ci²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ci²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ci¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cú
• Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̀
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chû / chîr / hûi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ce⁵ / cu⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zy
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zr²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cí
    • Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
    • Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ²
    • Yale: tsź
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
    • Palladius: цы (cy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ci²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ci⁴
    • Yale: chìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ci²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀
    • Hakka Romanization System: ciiˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ci¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̀
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sy⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chû
    • Tâi-lô: tsû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zuu
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡su²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chîr
    • Tâi-lô: tsîr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûi
    • Tâi-lô: huî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hui²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui²³/

Note:

• chû/chîr - literary;
• hûi - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ce⁵ / cu⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳ̂ / tshû
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶zy
    • MiniDict: zy^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zr²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzij

Rime
Character	瓷
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	疾資切
Baxter	dzij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zi/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zi/
Li Rong	/d͡zi/
Wang Li	/d͡zi/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*zli/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瓷
Reading #	1/1
No.	1799
Phonetic component	次
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	茨
Old Chinese	/*zli/
Notes	見漢賦

Definitions

瓷

1. porcelain; china; chinaware
2. (of a thing) firm; solid; sturdy

Synonyms

• (porcelain): 瓷器 (cíqì), (Min Nan) 瓷仔
• (firm):

• 堅固／坚固 (jiāngù)
• 堅實／坚实 (jiānshí)
• 堅硬／坚硬 (jiānyìng)
• 扎實
• 深厚 (shēnhòu) (figurative, of foundations)
• 牢 (láo)
• 牢固 (láogù)
• 牢牢 (láoláo)
• 牢靠 (láokào)
• 穩固／稳固 (wěngù)
• 結實／结实
• 緊實／紧实 (jǐnshí)
• 鞏／巩 (gǒng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 鞏固／巩固 (gǒnggù)

 

Compounds

• 古瓷
• 單色瓷／单色瓷
• 土瓷
• 宋瓷
• 定瓷
• 宜興瓷／宜兴瓷
• 嵌瓷畫／嵌瓷画
• 搪瓷 (tángcí)
• 柴瓷
• 洋瓷
• 燒瓷／烧瓷
• 瓷仙
• 瓷刻
• 瓷器 (cíqì)
• 瓷土 (cítǔ)
• 瓷婚
• 瓷宮／瓷宫
• 瓷實／瓷实 (císhí)
• 瓷枕
• 瓷注
• 瓷漆
• 瓷版
• 瓷瓦兒／瓷瓦儿
• 瓷瓶 (cípíng)
• 瓷瓷實實／瓷瓷实实
• 瓷甖／瓷罂
• 瓷石
• 瓷碗 (cíwǎn)
• 瓷磚／瓷砖 (cízhuān)
• 瓷窯／瓷窑
• 瓷胎
• 瓷釉
• 瓷鐺／瓷铛
• 瓷飯碗／瓷饭碗
• 白瓷
• 真瓷
• 碎瓷
• 精密陶瓷
• 素瓷
• 綠瓷／绿瓷
• 繃瓷／绷瓷 (bèngcí)
• 縹瓷／缥瓷
• 蝦青瓷／虾青瓷
• 越瓷
• 金屬陶瓷／金属陶瓷
• 鈞瓷／钧瓷
• 陶瓷 (táocí)
• 陶瓷器 (táocíqì)
• 陶瓷工 (táocígōng)
• 陶瓷材料
• 青瓷 (qīngcí)

 

Japanese

Kanji

瓷

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): し (shi); じ (ji)
• Kun: かめ (kame)

Korean

Hanja

瓷 • (ja) (hangeul 자)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

瓷: Hán Nôm readings: từ, sứ, tư

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Nôm: từ

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999