瞎

瞎 U+778E, 瞎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-778E ← 瞍 [U+778D] CJK Unified Ideographs 瞏 → [U+778F]

Translingual

Han character

瞎 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月山十手口 (BUJQR), four-corner 6306₁, composition ⿰目害)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 814, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23586
• Dae Jaweon: page 1228, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2507, character 15
• Unihan data for U+778E

Chinese

trad.		瞎
simp. #		瞎
2nd round simp.		𰥌

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (害) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
轄	*kʰaːds, *ɡraːd
害	*ɡaːds
犗	*kraːds
幰	*qʰanʔ
攇	*qʰanʔ
憲	*hŋans
瀗	*qʰans
割	*kaːd
磍	*kreːd, *kʰraːd
瞎	*qʰraːd
鎋	*ɡraːd
鶷	*ɡraːd
縖	*ɡraːd
豁	*qʰʷaːd

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xiā (xia¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ха (ha, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hat⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hat

  (Meixian, Guangdong): had⁵

• Northern Min (KCR): hăi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hat / khoeh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁷haq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiā
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sia
    • Wade–Giles: hsia¹
    • Yale: syā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shia
    • Palladius: ся (sja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ха (ha, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xa²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hat⁶
    • Yale: haht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐt̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hat
    • Hakka Romanization System: had`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: had⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /hat̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: had⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /hat̚¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hăi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xai²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hat
    • Tâi-lô: hat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: had
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hat̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoeh
    • Tâi-lô: khueh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoeq
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰueʔ³²/

Note:

• hat - literary;
• khoeh - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: hag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁷haq
    • MiniDict: hah^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴haq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /haʔ⁵⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 瞎
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕia⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕia⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑ²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕia²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɕia⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕia²⁴/
	Xi'an	/xa²¹/
	Xining	/ɕia⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕia¹³/ ～子 /xa¹³/ ～倯
	Lanzhou	/xa¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xa²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕia²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ɕia³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕia²¹/
	Kunming	/ɕia̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/ɕiɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xaʔ²/ /ɕiaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/xʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/haʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/haʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ha²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/xaʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/xɔ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕia²⁴/ /xa²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/hɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/haʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/hat̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/hɑt̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hɐt̚²/
	Nanning	/hɐt̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/hɐt̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hap̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/hɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xai²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hak̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hai³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: xaet

Rime
Character	瞎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	刪 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	許鎋切
Baxter	xaet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/haɨt̚/
Li Rong	/xat̚/
Wang Li	/xat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xia
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haat3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰraːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瞎
Reading #	1/1
No.	4854
Phonetic component	害
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	瞎
Old Chinese	/*qʰraːd/
Notes	見釋名

Definitions

瞎

1. to be blind

   又聾又瞎／又聋又瞎  ―  yòu lóng yòu xiā  ―  deaf and blind

   右眼瞎了  ―  yòu yǎn xiā le  ―  the right eye went blind

   你瞎了眼嗎？／你瞎了眼吗？  ―  Nǐ xiā le yǎn ma?  ―  Are you blind?

2. at random; aimlessly

   瞎說／瞎说  ―  xiāshuō  ―  to talk drivel

   瞎走  ―  xiā zǒu  ―  to walk around aimlessly

   瞎花錢／瞎花钱  ―  xiā huāqián  ―  to spend money foolishly

3. (colloquial) to fail
4. (dialectal) to become tangled
5. (dialectal Mandarin, including Dungan) bad
6. (Wu) very; extremely

   瞎快 [Shanghainese]  ―  ⁷haq-khua [Wugniu]  ―  very quickly

Synonyms

• (to be blind):

Dialectal synonyms of 瞎眼 (“(to be) blind”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		瞽, 盲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		失明, 瞎眼, 瞎
Mandarin	Taiwan	瞎眼
	Malaysia	瞎, 盲
	Singapore	瞎, 盲
Cantonese	Guangzhou	盲, 盲眼
	Hong Kong	盲, 盲眼
Hakka	Meixian	瞎, 盲
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	眼瞎
	Luhe	目瞎
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	目瞨, 目瞎, 青盲, 瞎目
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	青盲
Northern Min	Jian'ou	瞎
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	青盲
Southern Min	Xiamen	青盲
	Quanzhou	青盲
	Zhangzhou	青盲
	Taipei	青盲
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	青盲
	Kaohsiung	青盲
	Yilan	青盲
	Changhua (Lukang)	青盲
	Taichung	青盲
	Tainan	青盲
	Hsinchu	青盲
	Kinmen	青盲
	Penghu (Magong)	青盲
	Penang (Hokkien)	青盲
	Singapore (Hokkien)	青盲
	Manila (Hokkien)	青盲
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	青盲
	Chaozhou	青盲
	Shantou	青盲
	Shantou (Chenghai)	青盲
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	青盲
	Jieyang	青盲
	Haifeng	青盲
	Leizhou	青盲
	Wenchang	青盲
	Singapore (Hainanese)	青盲
Puxian Min	Putian	青盲
Central Min	Yong'an	瞎
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	盲

Compounds

• 抓瞎 (zhuāxiā)
• 摸瞎
• 盲人瞎馬／盲人瞎马 (mángrénxiāmǎ)
• 睜眼瞎子／睁眼瞎子 (zhēngyǎn xiāzi)
• 瞎七搭八
• 瞎七瞎八
• 瞎三話四／瞎三话四
• 瞎了眼
• 瞎子 (xiāzi)
• 瞎子摸象 (xiāzimōxiàng)
• 瞎子摸魚／瞎子摸鱼
• 瞎子點燈／瞎子点灯
• 瞎帳／瞎帐
• 瞎忙 (xiāmáng)
• 瞎想
• 瞎扎呼
• 瞎抓 (xiāzhuā)
• 瞎扯 (xiāchě)
• 瞎扯臊
• 瞎拼 (xiāpīn)
• 瞎掰 (xiābāi)
• 瞎搞
• 瞎撞
• 瞎攪／瞎搅
• 瞎淘淘
• 瞎炒蛋
• 瞎猜 (xiācāi)
• 瞎畫／瞎画
• 瞎白貨／瞎白货
• 瞎眼 (xiāyǎn)
• 瞎碰
• 瞎神搗鬼／瞎神捣鬼
• 瞎編／瞎编 (xiābiān)
• 瞎聊 (xiāliáo)
• 瞎話／瞎话 (xiāhuà)
• 瞎說／瞎说 (xiāshuō)
• 瞎說八道／瞎说八道
• 瞎講／瞎讲
• 瞎謅／瞎诌
• 瞎講八講／瞎讲八讲
• 瞎鬧／瞎闹
• 瞎點子／瞎点子
• 蠻針瞎灸／蛮针瞎灸 (mánzhēnxiājiǔ)
• 說瞎話／说瞎话
• 黑燈瞎火／黑灯瞎火 (hēidēngxiāhuǒ)
• 黑瞎子 (hēixiāzi)

 

Japanese

Kanji

瞎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: けち (kechi)
• Kan-on: かつ (katsu)
• Kun: かため (katame); めくら (mekura)

Korean

Hanja

瞎 (eumhun 애꾸눈 할 (aekkunun hal))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

瞎: Hán Nôm readings: hạt, hắt, hặt, hát

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.