窘促

Chinese

		distressed; embarrassed	to hurry; to rush; to hasten to hurry; to rush; to hasten; near; to promote
trad. (窘促)		窘	促
simp. #(窘促)		窘	促

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiǒngcù

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄘㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan³ cuk¹, kwan⁵ cuk¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiǒngcù
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄘㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyǒngcù
    • Wade–Giles: chiung³-tsʻu⁴
    • Yale: jyǔng-tsù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeongtsuh
    • Palladius: цзюнцу (czjuncu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwan³ cuk¹, kwan⁵ cuk¹
    • Yale: kwan chūk, kwáhn chūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwan³ tsuk⁷, kwan⁵ tsuk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuen³ cug¹, kuen⁵ cug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn³³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/, /kʷʰɐn¹³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: gwinX tshjowk

Rime
Character	窘	促
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	眞 (45)	鍾 (8)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	渠殞切	七玉切
Baxter	gwinX	tshjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiuɪnX/	/t͡sʰɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷᵚinX/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuenX/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjinX/	/t͡sʰuawk̚/
Li Rong	/ɡjuĕnX/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Wang Li	/ɡǐĕnX/	/t͡sʰĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ĕnX/	/t͡sʰi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jùn	cu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwan6	cuk1

Adjective

窘促

1. (literary) in a predicament; poverty-stricken
2. (literary) urgent; pressing

Synonyms

• (poverty-stricken):

• 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 困乏 (kùnfá) (formal)
• 困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
• 困窮／困穷 (kùnqióng)
• 困苦 (kùnkǔ)
• 困難／困难
• 困頓／困顿 (kùndùn)
• 宋凶 (Hokkien)
• 散 (Hokkien)
• 散凶 (Hokkien)
• 散赤 (Hokkien)
• 清苦 (qīngkǔ) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
• 淡薄 (dànbó) (literary)
• 清貧／清贫 (qīngpín) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
• 㾪赤 (Hokkien)
• 磽／硗 (Teochew)
• 䆀康 (Hokkien)
• 空乏 (kòngfá) (literary)
• 窄
• 窘困 (jiǒngkùn)
• 窘迫 (jiǒngpò)
• 窮／穷 (qióng)
• 窮乏／穷乏 (qióngfá) (literary)
• 窮困／穷困 (qióngkùn)
• 窮㾪／穷㾪 (Hokkien)
• 窮苦／穷苦 (qióngkǔ)
• 窮赤／穷赤 (Hokkien)
• 艱苦／艰苦 (Hokkien)
• 苦寒 (kǔhán)
• 貧乏／贫乏 (pínfá)
• 貧困／贫困 (pínkùn)
• 貧寒／贫寒 (pínhán)
• 貧瘠／贫瘠 (pínjí) (literary)
• 貧窮／贫穷 (pínqióng)
• 貧苦／贫苦 (pínkǔ)

 

• (urgent):

• 亟亟 (jíjí) (literary)
• 促迫 (cùpò)
• 倥傯／倥偬 (kǒngzǒng) (literary)
• 切切 (qièqiè) (literary)
• 加急 (jiājí) (attributive, of a telegram, test, etc.)
• 卒暴 (cùbào) (literary)
• 危迫 (wēipò) (literary)
• 孔亟 (kǒngjí)
• 孔急 (kǒngjí)
• 急 (jí)
• 急促 (jícù)
• 急切 (jíqiè)
• 急急 (jíjí) (literary)
• 急要 (jíyào) (literary)
• 急迫 (jípò)
• 打緊／打紧 (dǎjǐn)
• 火急 (huǒjí)
• 緊促／紧促 (jǐncù)
• 緊張／紧张 (jǐnzhāng)
• 緊急／紧急 (jǐnjí)
• 緊要／紧要 (jǐnyào)
• 緊迫／紧迫 (jǐnpò)
• 緊逼逼／紧逼逼 (Hokkien)
• 要緊／要紧 (yàojǐn)
• 迫切 (pòqiè)
• 遑急 (huángjí) (literary)
• 險急／险急 (xiǎnjí)