總角

Chinese

		always; to assemble; gather always; to assemble; gather; total; overall; head; chief; general; in every case	horn; angle; role horn; angle; role; actor; contend; horn-shaped; Chinese musical note
trad. (總角)		總	角
simp. (总角)		总	角

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǒngjiǎo, zǒngjué

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄠˇ, ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chóng-kak

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǒngjiǎo [Phonetic: zóngjiǎo]
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǒngjiǎo
    • Wade–Giles: tsung³-chiao³
    • Yale: dzǔng-jyǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoongjeau
    • Palladius: цзунцзяо (czunczjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǒngjué
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǒngjyué
    • Wade–Giles: tsung³-chüeh²
    • Yale: dzǔng-jywé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoongjyue
    • Palladius: цзунцзюэ (czunczjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chóng-kak
    • Tâi-lô: tsóng-kak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zofngkag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kak̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: tsuwngX kaewk

Rime
Character	總	角
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	作孔切	古岳切
Baxter	tsuwngX	kaewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suŋX/	/kˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suŋX/	/kᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡suŋX/	/kɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səwŋX/	/kaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡suŋX/	/kɔk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡suŋX/	/kɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡suŋX/	/kɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǒng	jue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung2	gok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤoŋ  C.[k]ˤrok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsloːŋʔ  kroːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	總	角
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǒng	jiǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ tsuwngX ›	‹ kæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁoŋ/	/*C.[k]ˁrok/
English	bind together	horn, corner
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	總	角
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	1810	6372
Phonetic component	囱	角
Rime group	東	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	緫	覺
Old Chinese	/*ʔsloːŋʔ/	/*kroːɡ/
Notes	集韻同緫

Noun

總角

1. child's bound hair

   • 婉兮孌兮，總角丱兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     婉兮娈兮，总角丱兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wǎn xī luán xī, zǒngjiǎo guàn xī. [Pinyin]

     How young and tender,
     Is the child with his two tufts of hair!

2. childhood

Derived terms

• 總角之交／总角之交

 

Descendants

• → Korean: 총각 (chonggak)
  • Japanese: 総角

Korean

Hanja in this term
總	角

Noun

總角 • (chonggak) (hangeul 총각)

1. Hanja form^? of 총각 (“unmarried man”).