臉

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See also: 脸
臉 U+81C9, 臉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81C9
← 臈
[U+81C8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臊 →
[U+81CA]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

臉 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月人一人 (BOMO), four-corner 78286, composition ⿰⺼僉)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 996, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29954
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1447, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2117, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+81C9

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (僉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
厱 *raːm, *kʰreːm, *kʰlam
歛 *qʰlaːm
臉 *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ
醶 *ɡr·reːmʔ, *skʰraːmʔ
鹼 *kreːmʔ, *skʰlam
薟 *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram
匳 *ɡ·ram
獫 *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams, *qʰramʔ
蘞 *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰlam
籢 *ɡ·ram
斂 *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
瀲 *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
撿 *ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ
羷 *ɡ·ramʔ
殮 *ɡ·rams
簽 *skʰlam
僉 *skʰlam
憸 *skʰlam, *skʰlamʔ, *sqʰlam, *qʰramʔ
譣 *skʰlam, *qʰramʔ
檢 *kramʔ
瞼 *kramʔ
儉 *ɡramʔ
顩 *ŋramʔ, *rlɯmʔ, *kʰrɯmʔ
嬐 *ŋramʔ
嶮 *ŋramʔ, *hŋramʔ
噞 *ŋramʔ, *ŋrams
驗 *ŋrams
險 *qʰramʔ
劒 *kams
劍 *kams
𩏩 *qʰam

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam).

Etymology 1[edit]

trad. 臉
simp. 脸

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-gram (“cheek; face”). Cognate with Tibetan འགྲམ་པ ('gram pa, “cheek”), འགྲམ་རུས ('gram rus, “cheekbone”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: liǎnr - front part of something, facial expression.
Note:
  • lián - vernacular;
  • liám - literary.
Note:
  • liang2/liam2 - Shantou;
  • liêng2 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 臉
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 力減切
Baxter leamX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lˠɛmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lᵚæmX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɐmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ləɨmX/
Li
Rong 		/lɐmX/
Wang
Li 		/lɐmX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		laam5
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 臉 臉
Reading # 1/3 3/3
No. 10180 10212
Phonetic
component 		僉 僉
Rime
group 		談 談
Rime
subdivision 		2 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		臉 檢
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·reːmʔ/ /*kramʔ/
Notes 瞼分化字

Definitions[edit]

臉

  1. † (anatomy) cheek
  2. (anatomy) face (Classifier: 張／张 m)
    洗臉／洗脸  ―  xǐliǎn  ―  to wash one's face
    臉上的笑容／脸上的笑容  ―  liǎn shàng de xiàoróng  ―  smile on one's face
  3. (by extension) facial expression; complexion
  4. (figurative) front part of something
  5. (figurative) reputation; face; image
    賞臉／赏脸  ―  shǎngliǎn  ―  to honour somebody with one's presence
    丟臉／丢脸  ―  diūliǎn  ―  to lose face; to bring shame to oneself
    沒臉見人／没脸见人  ―  méi liǎn jiàn rén  ―  to be too embarrassed to face anybody

Synonyms[edit]

  • (face):
Dialectal synonyms of 臉 (“face”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 面, 顏 countenance
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 臉
Mandarin Beijing 臉兒
Taiwan 臉
Tianjin 臉
Ulanhot 臉蛋子
Tongliao 臉蛋子
Chifeng 臉
Bayanhot 臉
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 臉蛋子
Harbin 臉
Yantai (Muping) 臉
Jinan 臉
Luoyang 臉
Wanrong 臉
Kaifeng 臉
Xi'an 臉
Yinchuan 臉
Lanzhou 臉
Xining 臉
Ürümqi 臉
Ürümqi (Xigou) 臉
Ürümqi (Changshanzi) 臉
Wuhan 臉
Chengdu 臉, 盤子
Chongqing 臉, 臉巴兒
Guiyang 臉
Guilin 臉
Liuzhou 臉
Yizhou 臉, 臉盤
Luocheng (Dongmen) 臉
Tianlin (Langping) 臉包
Xuzhou 臉, 臉兒, 臉膛子
Yangzhou 臉
Xinghua 臉, 面孔
Nanjing 臉
Hefei 臉
Malaysia 臉
Singapore 臉
Mae Salong (Lancang) 臉
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 臉
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 臉
Cantonese Guangzhou 面
Hong Kong 面
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 面
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 面
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 面
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 面
Macau 面
Guangzhou (Panyu) 面
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 面
Guangzhou (Conghua) 面
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 面
Foshan 面
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 面
Foshan (Shunde) 面
Foshan (Sanshui) 面
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 面
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 面
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 面
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 面
Zhuhai (Doumen) 面
Jiangmen (Baisha) 面
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 面
Taishan 面
Kaiping (Chikan) 面
Enping (Niujiang) 面
Heshan (Yayao) 面
Dongguan 面
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 面
Qingyuan 面
Fogang 面, 面頂
Yingde (Hanguang) 面
Yangshan 面
Lianshan (Butian) 面
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 面
Shaoguan 面
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 面
Renhua 面
Lechang 面
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 面
Sihui 面
Guangning 面
Deqing 面
Huaiji 面
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 面
Yunfu 面, 面口
Xinxing 面
Luoding 面
Yunan (Pingtai) 面
Yangjiang 面
Xinyi 面, 面子蛋
Maoming (Xinpo) 面
Lianjiang 面
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 面
Nanning 面
Wuzhou 面
Yulin 面
Hepu (Lianzhou) 面
Guiping 面
Mengshan (Xihe) 面
Guigang (Nanjiang) 面
Beiliu (Tangliao) 面
Baise 面
Bobai 面
Lingshan 面
Pubei 面
Qinzhou 面
Beihai 面
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 面
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 面
Ningming 面
Hengzhou 面
Hezhou (Pumen) 面
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 面
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 面
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 面
Singapore (Guangfu) 面
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 面
Móng Cái 面
Gan Nanchang 臉
Lichuan 面
Pingxiang 面
Hakka Meixian 面
Xingning 面
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 面鉢
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 面
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 面
Huiyang 面鉢
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 面
Huidong (Daling) 面
Dongguan (Qingxi) 面鉢
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 面
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 面
Boluo (Bendihua) 面
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 面鉢
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 面鉢
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 面
Wuhua (Huacheng) 面
Wuhua (Changbu) 面
Wuhua (Mianyang) 面
Heyuan (Bendihua) 面
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 面
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 面
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 面
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 面
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 面
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 面
Wengyuan 面
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 面
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 面
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 面
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 面
Liannan 面
Conghua (Lütian) 面
Jiexi 面
Luhe 面
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 面
Changting 面
Wuping 面
Wuping (Yanqian) 面
Wuping (Pingyu) 面
Liancheng 面
Ninghua 面, 面嘴
Yudu 面盤
Ningdu 面
Ruijin 面
Shicheng 面
Shangyou (Shexi) 面
Tonggu (Sandu) 面
Ganzhou (Panlong) 面
Dayu 面
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 面
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 面
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 面
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 面
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 面
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 面
Hong Kong 面, 面鉢
Yangxi (Tangkou) 面
Yangchun (Sanjia) 面
Xinyi (Sihe) 面
Xinyi (Qianpai) 面
Gaozhou (Xindong) 面
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 面
Huazhou (Xin'an) 面
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 面
Lianjiang (Qingping) 面
Hengzhou (Xiaoyi) 面
Sabah (Bao'an) 面
Sabah (Longchuan) 面
Senai (Huiyang) 面鉢
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 面
Singkawang 面
Huizhou Jixi 面
Jin Taiyuan 臉
Xinzhou 臉
Taibus (Baochang) 臉
Linhe 臉
Jining 臉
Hohhot 臉
Baotou 臉
Dongsheng 眉眼
Haibowan 面
Northern Min Jian'ou 面
Eastern Min Fuzhou 面
Changle 面
Fuqing 面, 面䫌
Yongtai 面
Gutian 面
Pingnan 面
Fu'an 面
Ningde 面
Shouning 面
Zhouning 面
Fuding 面
Matsu 面
Southern Min Xiamen 面
Quanzhou 面
Shishi 面
Yongchun 面
Zhangzhou 面
Zhao'an 面
Dongshan 面
Taipei 面
New Taipei (Sanxia) 面
Kaohsiung 面
Yilan 面
Changhua (Lukang) 面
Taichung 面
Tainan 面
Hsinchu 面
Kinmen 面
Penghu (Magong) 面
Penang (Hokkien) 面
Singapore (Hokkien) 面
Manila (Hokkien) 面
Longyan 面頰
Pingnan (Shangdu) 面
Pingnan (Pingtian) 面
Guiping (Xiaowen) 面
Guiping (Dongsheng) 面
Chaozhou 面
Shantou 面
Shantou (Chenghai) 面
Jieyang 面
Haifeng 面
Bangkok (Teochew) 面
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 面
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 面
Singapore (Teochew) 面
Leizhou 面
Haikou 面
Singapore (Hainanese) 面
Puxian Min Putian 面
Xianyou 面
Fuding (Aoyao) 面
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 面
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 面
Nanning (Xinxu) 面
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 面
Lingchuan (Sanjie) 面
Shehua Fu'an 面
Fuding 面
Luoyuan 面
Sanming 面
Shunchang 面
Hua'an 面
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 面包
Wu Shanghai 面孔, 面顴, 番斯
Shanghai (Chongming) 面孔
Suzhou 面孔
Danyang 面孔
Hangzhou 臉, 臉孔
Ningbo 面孔
Wenzhou 面股, 面
Jinhua 面, 面孔
Xiang Changsha 臉
Loudi 面
Shuangfeng 面
Quanzhou 臉

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

trad. 臉
simp. 脸
alternative forms 䑎

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 臉
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 七廉切
Baxter tshjem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰiᴇm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰiɛm/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰjæm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰiam/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰiɛm/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰĭɛm/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰi̯ɛm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cim1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 臉
Reading # 2/3
No. 10203
Phonetic
component 		僉
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		籤
Old
Chinese 		/*skʰlam/

Definitions[edit]

臉

  1. † meat soup

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

臉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. cheek
  2. face

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

臉 (eumhun 뺨 검 (ppyam geom))

  1. cheek
  2. face

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

臉: Hán Nôm readings: kiểm, quặm, liển, liễn, liễm, kiễm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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