蓮

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See also: 莲
蓮 U+84EE, 蓮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-84EE
← 蓭
[U+84ED] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蓯 →
[U+84EF]

蓮 U+F999, 蓮
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F999
← 輦
[U+F998] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 連 →
[U+F99A]

Translingual[edit]

Japanese 蓮
Simplified 莲
Traditional 蓮

Han character[edit]

蓮 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜十十 (TYJJ), four-corner 44304, composition ⿱艹連)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1052, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31722
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1514, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3261, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+84EE

Chinese[edit]

trad. 蓮
simp. 莲
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 蓮 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • 蓮 (Classical)

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (連) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
連 *ren
漣 *ren
鰱 *ren
翴 *ren
鏈 *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen
璉 *renʔ
僆 *renʔ, *reːns
摙 *renʔ, *rens
蓮 *renʔ, *reːn
嗹 *reːn
縺 *reːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *renʔ, *reːn) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 連 (OC *ren).

Etymology 1[edit]

Related to 蕑 (OC *kreːn, “lotus seed”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • liân - literary;
    • nâi/nûi - vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: noin5 / nain5 / liang5 / liêng5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nôiⁿ / nâiⁿ / liâng / liêng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nõĩ⁵⁵/, /nãĩ⁵⁵/, /liaŋ⁵⁵/, /lieŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • noin5/nain5 - vernacular (nain5 - Chaoyang, Jieyang);
  • liang5/liêng5 - literary (liêng5 - Chaozhou).
Rime
Character 蓮
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 落賢切
Baxter len
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/len/
Pan
Wuyun 		/len/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɛn/
Li
Rong 		/len/
Wang
Li 		/lien/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lin4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蓮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ len ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k.[r]ˁe[n]/ (cf. 蕑 jiān < kean < *kˁre[n] (dial. *k.rˁ- > kˁr-) ‘lotus fruit (Ode 145.2)’)
English lotus fruit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓮
Reading # 2/2
No. 8004
Phonetic
component 		連
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		蓮
Old
Chinese 		/*reːn/

Definitions[edit]

蓮

  1. lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
  2. (in compounds or archaic) A plant with lotus-like flowers or leaves, or another plant similar to such a plant
    睡蓮／睡莲  ―  shuìlián  ―  water lily
    金蓮花／金莲花  ―  jīnliánhuā  ―  globeflower
    銀蓮花／银莲花  ―  yínliánhuā  ―  windflower
    半邊蓮／半边莲  ―  bànbiānlián  ―  Lobelia chinensis
    穿心蓮／穿心莲  ―  chuānxīnlián  ―  Andrographis paniculata (with flowers similar to Lobelia chinensis)
  3. (Buddhism) Buddha's world; paradise

Synonyms[edit]

  • (lotus):
Dialectal synonyms of 荷花 (“lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 荷, 蓮, 芙蕖, 芙蓉, 菡萏
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 荷花, 蓮花
Mandarin Beijing 荷花兒, 蓮花兒
Tianjin 荷花
Chengde 荷花兒
Tangshan 荷花
Cangzhou 荷花兒
Baoding 荷花, 蓮花兒
Shijiazhuang 荷花
Chifeng 荷花
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 荷花兒
Heihe 荷花, 蓮花
Qiqihar 荷花, 蓮花
Harbin 荷花兒, 荷花, 蓮花兒, 蓮花
Jiamusi 荷花, 蓮花
Baicheng 荷花
Changchun 荷花兒
Tonghua 荷花
Shenyang 荷花, 蓮花
Dandong 荷花兒, 蓮花兒
Jinzhou 荷花, 蓮花
Dalian 荷花兒
Yantai 荷花
Yantai (Muping) 荷花
Qingdao 荷花
Lijin 荷花
Zhucheng 荷花
Jinan 荷花, 蓮花
Jining 荷花, 蓮花
Luoyang 荷花兒, 蓮花兒
Wanrong 蓮花
Shangqiu 蓮花
Yuanyang 荷花兒, 蓮花兒
Zhengzhou 蓮花兒
Lingbao 蓮花
Xinyang 蓮花
Baihe 荷花, 蓮花
Hanzhong 荷花, 蓮花, 藕蓮花
Xi'an 蓮花, 荷花
Baoji 荷花, 蓮花
Yinchuan 荷花, 蓮花
Tianshui 蓮花
Lanzhou 荷花, 蓮花
Dunhuang 荷花, 蓮花
Xining 荷花, 蓮花
Hami 荷花
Ürümqi 荷花
Wuhan 荷花, 蓮花
Yichang 荷花, 蓮花
Xiangyang 荷花, 蓮花
Tianmen 荷花, 蓮花
Hong'an 荷花, 蓮花
Chengdu 荷花, 蓮花, 水芙蓉
Nanchong 荷花
Dazhou 荷花
Hanyuan 荷花
Xichang 荷花, 蓮花
Zigong 荷花
Chongqing 荷花, 蓮花
Guiyang 荷花
Zunyi 荷花
Bijie 荷花, 蓮花
Liping 蓮米花
Zhaotong 荷花, 蓮花, 藕花
Dali 荷花
Kunming 荷花, 蓮花
Mengzi 荷花
Guilin 蓮花
Liuzhou 荷花, 蓮花
Jishou 荷花
Changde 荷花
Anqing 荷花
Xuzhou 荷花, 蓮花
Fuyang 荷花
Wuhu 荷花
Yangzhou 荷花
Lianyungang 荷花
Lianshui 藕花
Nanjing 荷花, 蓮花
Hefei 荷花
Nantong 荷花
Singapore 荷花, 蓮花
Cantonese Guangzhou 蓮花, 荷花
Hong Kong 荷花, 蓮花
Yangjiang 蓮花
Singapore (Guangfu) 蓮花, 荷花
Gan Nanchang 荷花, 蓮花
Lichuan 荷花, 蓮花
Pingxiang 荷花
Hakka Meixian 蓮花, 荷花
Yudu 荷花
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 荷花, 蓮花
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 荷花, 蓮花
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 荷花, 蓮花
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 荷花, 蓮花
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 荷花, 蓮花
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 荷花, 蓮花
Huizhou Jixi 荷花
Shexian 荷花
Jin Taiyuan 蓮花, 荷花
Yangyuan 蓮花
Datong 蓮花兒
Xinzhou 蓮花兒
Lishi 荷花
Linfen 蓮花
Changzhi 荷花
Linhe 荷花
Jining 蓮花兒
Hohhot 荷花, 蓮花
Erenhot 荷花兒
Pingshan 蓮花兒
Zhangjiakou 荷花, 蓮花
Handan 荷花, 蓮花, 藕花
Linzhou 蓮花兒
Suide 荷花兒, 荷花
Northern Min Jian'ou 蓮花, 荷花
Eastern Min Fuzhou 蓮花, 荷花
Southern Min Xiamen 蓮花
Quanzhou 蓮花
Zhangzhou 蓮花
Singapore (Hokkien) 蓮花
Manila (Hokkien) 蓮花
Chaozhou 蓮花
Jieyang 蓮花
Haikou 蓮花
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 荷花
Wu Shanghai 荷花
Shanghai (Chongming) 荷花
Suzhou 荷花, 蓮花
Danyang 荷花
Hangzhou 荷花
Ningbo 荷花
Wenzhou 蓮花, 荷花, 蓮子荷花
Jinhua 荷花
Xiang Changsha 荷花, 蓮花
Loudi 荷花, 蓮花
Shuangfeng 蓮花, 荷花

Descendants[edit]

  • → Vietnamese: sen

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 蓮
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 仙 (77)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力展切
Baxter ljenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/liᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ljænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lianX/
Li
Rong 		/liɛnX/
Wang
Li 		/lĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		liǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lin5
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓮
Reading # 1/2
No. 8000
Phonetic
component 		連
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		輦
Old
Chinese 		/*renʔ/

Definitions[edit]

蓮

  1. Only used in 蓮勺／莲勺 (Liǎnzhuó).

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 蓮
Kyūjitai
[1]
蓮
&#xF999;
or
蓮+&#xFE00;?
蓮󠄀
蓮+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
蓮󠄄
蓮+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
蓮󠄃
蓮+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

蓮

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 蓮)

  1. lotus plant or flower, Nelumbo nucifera

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
蓮 (hachisu): Hibiscus syriacus: the rose of Sharon, rose mallow, or St. Joseph's rod.
蓮 (hachisu, hasu, ren): Nelumbo nucifera: the lotus flower and plant.
Kanji in this term
蓮
はちす
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 蜂 (hachi, “bee”) +‎ 巣 (su, “nest, hive”), literally “beehive, honeycomb”, from the way the lotus seed resembles a honeycomb.[2][3]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蓮(はちす) • (hachisu) 

  1. older name for hasu below: a lotus plant or flower, Nelumbo nucifera
  2. (Buddhism, particularly Pure Land Buddhism) a lotus bloom in the realm of Sukhāvatī (“Land of Ultimate Bliss”), as an expression of reincarnation
  3. alternate name for 木槿 (mukuge), Hibiscus syriacus: the rose of Sharon, rose mallow, or St. Joseph's rod
Related terms[edit]
Related terms

Proper noun[edit]

蓮(はちす) • (Hachisu) 

  1. the name of various places in Japan
  2. a surname

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
蓮
はす
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

/hat͡ɕisu/ → */hassu/ → /hasu/

Appears to be a contraction of hachisu above.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蓮(はす) or 蓮(ハス) • (hasu) 

  1. a lotus plant or flower
Usage notes[edit]

The reading hasu appears to be more common for the lotus meaning in modern Japanese.

Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Proper noun[edit]

蓮(はす) • (Hasu) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
蓮
れん
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蓮／莲 (len, “lotus fruit”). Compare modern Mandarin reading lián.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蓮(れん) • (ren) 

  1. a lotus plant or flower
Usage notes[edit]

The ren reading is seldom used on its own. It is most often used in compounds.

Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Proper noun[edit]

蓮(れん) • (Ren) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

References[edit]

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1848 (paper), page 976 (digital)
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 蓮 (MC len). Recorded as Middle Korean 련 (lyen) (Yale: lyen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

蓮 (eumhun 연꽃 련 (yeonkkot ryeon), South Korea 연꽃 연 (yeonkkot yeon))

  1. Hanja form? of 련/연 (“lotus”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

蓮: Hán Nôm readings: liên

  1. (only in compounds) lotus
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