衣冠

Chinese

		gown; clothes; to dress gown; clothes; to dress; to wear	to head; hat; crown to head; hat; crown; crest; cap
simp. and trad. (衣冠)		衣	冠

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīguān

  (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji¹ gun¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): i-koan

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīguān
    • Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yiguan
    • Wade–Giles: i¹-kuan¹
    • Yale: yī-gwān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iguan
    • Palladius: игуань (iguanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 一關／一关 衣冠 醫官／医官

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji¹ gun¹
    • Yale: yī gūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji¹ gun¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi¹ gun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː⁵⁵ kuːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-koan
    • Tâi-lô: i-kuan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: i'koafn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /i⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /i³³ kuan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: 'j+j kwan

Rime
Character	衣	冠
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	微 (20)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	於希切	古丸切
Baxter	'j+j	kwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨi/	/kuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨi/	/kʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiəi/	/kuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨj/	/kwan/
Li Rong	/ʔiəi/	/kuɑn/
Wang Li	/ĭəi/	/kuɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔe̯i/	/kuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yī	guān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji1	gun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)əj  [k.ʔ]ˤor/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qɯl  kŋoːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	衣	冠
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yī	guān
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjɨj ›	‹ kwan ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔ(r)əj/	/*[k.ʔ]ˁor/
English	clothes	cap (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衣	冠
Reading #	1/2	1/2
No.	14837	16107
Phonetic component	衣	元
Rime group	微	元
Rime subdivision	1	3
Corresponding MC rime	依	官
Old Chinese	/*qɯl/	/*kŋoːn/

Noun

衣冠

1. (Classical, literally) hat and clothes
2. (by extension) dress; attire
3. (Classical, by extension) the gentry

Synonyms

• (dress):

• 打扮 (style of dress)
• 服裝／服装 (fúzhuāng)
• 服飾／服饰 (fúshì)
• 穿戴 (chuāndài)
• 穿插 (chhēng-chhah) (Hokkien)
• 穿著／穿着 (chuānzhuó)
• 衣履 (yīlǚ) (literary)
• 衣服
• 衣著／衣着 (yīzhuó)
• 衣衫 (yīshān)
• 衣裳 (yīshang) (colloquial)
• 裝扮／装扮 (zhuāngbàn)
• 裝束／装束 (zhuāngshù)
• 身頌／身颂 (sĭng^→sīng-*sê̤ṳng) (Eastern Min)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (衣冠):

• → Japanese: 衣(い)冠(かん) (ikan)
• → Korean: 의관(衣冠) (uigwan)

Adjective

衣冠

1. having the appearance of a gentlemen; refined; sophisticated

   衣冠禽獸／衣冠禽兽  ―  yīguānqínshòu  ―  gentleman in appearance but a beast in conduct

   • 真正變得不成人形的卻是那些衣冠人士：有些教育家把學校辦得不成學校，有些政客把政治弄得不成政治，有些軍官把軍隊弄得不成軍隊。 [MSC, trad.]
     真正变得不成人形的却是那些衣冠人士：有些教育家把学校办得不成学校，有些政客把政治弄得不成政治，有些军官把军队弄得不成军队。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1943, Feng Zhi, 《憶平樂》

     Zhēnzhèng biàndé bùchéng rénxíng de què shì nàxiē yīguān rénshì: yǒuxiē jiàoyùjiā bǎ xuéxiào bàn dé bùchéng xuéxiào, yǒuxiē zhèngkè bǎ zhèngzhì nòng dé bùchéng zhèngzhì, yǒuxiē jūnguān bǎ jūnduì nòng dé bùchéng jūnduì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Derived terms

• 優孟衣冠／优孟衣冠
• 挂衣冠
• 沐猴衣冠
• 白衣冠
• 衣冠不整
• 衣冠中人
• 衣冠優孟／衣冠优孟
• 衣冠冢 (yīguānzhǒng)
• 衣冠南渡 (Yīguān Nándù)
• 衣冠塚／衣冠冢 (yīguānzhǒng)
• 衣冠墓 (yīguānmù)
• 衣冠子女
• 衣冠文物
• 衣冠梟獍／衣冠枭獍 (yīguānxiāojìng)
• 衣冠楚楚 (yīguānchǔchǔ)
• 衣冠沐猴
• 衣冠濟楚／衣冠济楚
• 衣冠濟濟／衣冠济济
• 衣冠甚偉／衣冠甚伟
• 衣冠盛事
• 衣冠禮樂／衣冠礼乐
• 衣冠禽獸／衣冠禽兽 (yīguānqínshòu)
• 衣冠緒餘／衣冠绪余
• 衣冠藍縷／衣冠蓝缕
• 衣冠赫奕
• 衣冠輻湊／衣冠辐凑
• 衣冠雲集／衣冠云集
• 衣冠齊楚／衣冠齐楚

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīguàn, yìguàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢˋ, ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīguàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yiguàn
    • Wade–Giles: i¹-kuan⁴
    • Yale: yī-gwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iguann
    • Palladius: игуань (iguanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yìguàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yìguàn
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴-kuan⁴
    • Yale: yì-gwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yihguann
    • Palladius: игуань (iguanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯än⁵¹/

Verb

衣冠

1. (Classical) to wear clothing

Japanese

Kanji in this term
衣	冠
い Grade: 4	かん Grade: S
kan’on	on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) い​かん [íꜜkàǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ikã̠ɴ]

Noun

衣(い)冠(かん) • (ikan) ^{←いくわん (ikwan)?}

1. (historical, clothing) regular court dress, originally for night-attendance

Elements of Ikan

• 冠(かんむり) (kanmuri)
• 檜(ひ)扇(おうぎ) (hiōgi)
• 帖紙(たとう) (tatō)
• 袍(ほう) (hō)
• 指貫(さしぬき) (sashinuki)
• 単衣(ひとえ) (hitoe)
• 下袴(したばかま) (shitabakama)
• 小袖(こそで) (kosode)
• 浅沓(あさぐつ) (asagutsu)

See also

• 束帯(そくたい) (sokutai)
• 布袴(ほうこ) (hōko)
• 直衣(のうし) (nōshi)