閼氏

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (閼氏)		閼	氏
simp. (阏氏)		阏	氏

Etymology

A Xiongnu term; cognate with 胭脂 (yānzhi).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yānzhī

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ ㄓ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yānzhī
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ ㄓ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yanjhih
    • Wade–Giles: yen¹-chih¹
    • Yale: yān-jr̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ianjy
    • Palladius: яньчжи (janʹčži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 焉知 胭脂 閼氏／阏氏

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• Middle Chinese: 'en|'jen tsye

Rime
Character	閼	閼	氏
Reading #	1/4	2/4	1/3
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	仙 (79)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III	III
Fanqie	烏前切	於乾切	章移切
Baxter	'en	'jen	tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔen/	/ʔˠiᴇn/	/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔen/	/ʔᵚiɛn/	/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɛn/	/ʔiæn/	/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɛn/	/ʔian/	/ciə̆/
Li Rong	/ʔen/	/ʔjɛn/	/t͡ɕie/
Wang Li	/ien/	/ĭɛn/	/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔien/	/ʔi̯ɛn/	/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān	yān	zhī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin1	jin1	zi1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qran|qeːn  kje/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閼	閼	氏
Reading #	1/4	2/4	2/3
No.	15807	15808	11515
Phonetic component	於	於	氏
Rime group	元	元	支
Rime subdivision	1	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	焉	煙	支
Old Chinese	/*qran/	/*qeːn/	/*kje/
Notes	閼氏見史記		月氏

Noun

閼氏

1. (historical) wife of a Xiongnu chief