拜年

Chinese

FWOTD – 1 January 2019

		to do obeisance to; to make a courtesy call	year; new year
simp. and trad. (拜年)		拜	年

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bàinián

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˋ ㄋㄧㄢˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bai⁴ nyian²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baai³ nin⁴

• Gan (Wiktionary): bai⁴ nyien⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pai-ngièn / pai-ngiàn
• Jin (Wiktionary): bai³ nie¹
• Northern Min (KCR): ba̿i-nîng
• Eastern Min (BUC): bái-nièng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pài-nî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bai³ ni⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵pa ⁶gni
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bai⁴ nyienn²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bàinián
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˋ ㄋㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bàinián
    • Wade–Giles: pai⁴-nien²
    • Yale: bài-nyán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baynian
    • Palladius: байнянь (bajnjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: bai⁴ nyian²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bainian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai²¹³ nʲiɛn²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baai³ nin⁴
    • Yale: baai nìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baai³ nin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: bai³ nin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːi̯³³ niːn²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: bai⁴ nyien⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai³⁵ n̠ʲiɛn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pai-ngièn
    • Hakka Romanization System: bai ngienˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bai⁴ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /pai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pai-ngiàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: bai ngianˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bai⁴ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /pai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: bai³ nie¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pai⁴⁵ nie¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ba̿i-nîng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai³³ niŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bái-nièng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ nˡieŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pài-nî
    • Tâi-lô: pài-nî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: paenii
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pai²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pai²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pai¹¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pai²¹⁻⁴¹ nĩ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bai³ ni⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pài nî
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ni⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵pa ⁶gni
    • MiniDict: pa^去 nyi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pa ³nyi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pa⁴⁴  n̠ʲi²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: bai⁴ nyienn²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pai̯⁴⁵ n̠ʲi̯ẽ¹³/

Verb

拜⫽年 (verb-object) (intransitive)

1. to exchange (Chinese) New Year's greetings; to pay someone a courtesy call on Chinese New Year's Day or shortly thereafter, usually with a present

   阿姨，我們來給您拜年了！ [MSC, trad.]
   阿姨，我们来给您拜年了！ [MSC, simp.]

   Āyí, wǒmen lái gěi nín bàinián le! [Pinyin]

   Auntie, we've come to wish you a Happy New Year!

   • 新年初一日，叫他到墳上燒紙錢去，又說道：「你到墳上去，向老爹說：我年紀老了，這天氣冷，我不能親自來替親家拜年。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     新年初一日，叫他到坟上烧纸钱去，又说道：「你到坟上去，向老爹说：我年纪老了，这天气冷，我不能亲自来替亲家拜年。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE

     Xīnnián chūyī rì, jiào tā dào fén shàng shāo zhǐqián qù, yòu shuōdào: “Nǐ dào fén shàng qù, xiàng lǎodiē shuō: wǒ niánjì lǎo le, zhè tiānqì lěng, wǒ bùnéng qīnzì lái tì qìngjiā bàinián.” [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• 拜正 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 拜歲／拜岁 (Ningbonese)
• 賀年／贺年 (hènián)
• 賀正／贺正 (hèzhēng)
• 賀歲／贺岁 (hèsuì)

 

See also

• Korean: 세배 (歲拜, sebae)