闓

See also: 闿

闓 U+95D3, 闓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95D3 ← 闒 [U+95D2] CJK Unified Ideographs 闔 → [U+95D4]

Translingual

Han character

闓 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 日弓山一廿 (ANUMT), four-corner 7710₈, composition ⿵門豈)

Derived characters

• 𭟥

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1340, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41451
• Dae Jaweon: page 1844, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4313, character 1
• Unihan data for U+95D3

Chinese

trad.		闓
simp.		闿

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 闓
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (豈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
獃	*tŋɯː, *ŋɯː
剴	*kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl
凱	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
愷	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
塏	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
鎧	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls
颽	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
暟	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
闓	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls
豈	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ
隑	*ɡɯːls, *ŋɯːl
皚	*ŋɯːl
嵦	*ŋɡɯːl
敳	*ŋɯːl
磑	*ŋɯːl, *ŋuːl, *ŋuːls
螘	*ŋralʔ, *ŋɯlʔ
覬	*krɯls
溰	*ŋɯl
顗	*ŋɯlʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǎi (kai³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi², hoi¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kǎi
    • Wade–Giles: kʻai³
    • Yale: kǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kae
    • Palladius: кай (kaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoi², hoi¹
    • Yale: hói, hōi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi², hoi¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi², hoi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯³⁵/, /hɔːi̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: khojX, khojH

Rime
Character	闓	闓
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	苦亥切	苦蓋切
Baxter	khojX	khojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰʌiX/	/kʰʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəiX/	/kʰəiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɒiX/	/kʰɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəjX/	/kʰəjH/
Li Rong	/kʰᴀiX/	/kʰᴀiH/
Wang Li	/kʰɒiX/	/kʰɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɑ̆iX/	/kʰɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǎi	kài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoi2	hoi3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ/, /*ŋ̊ʰɯːls/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	闓	闓
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10108	10111
Phonetic component	豈	豈
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	愷	磕
Old Chinese	/*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ/	/*ŋ̊ʰɯːls/

Definitions

闓

1. (literary) to open

   • 今欲與漢闓大關，取漢女為妻，歲給遺我糱酒萬石，稷米五千斛，雜繒萬匹，它如故約，則邊不相盜矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今欲与汉闿大关，取汉女为妻，岁给遗我糱酒万石，稷米五千斛，杂缯万匹，它如故约，则边不相盗矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Jīn yù yǔ Hàn kǎi dàguān, qǔ Hàn nǚ wéi qī, suì jǐ wèi wǒ nièjiǔ wàn dàn, jì mǐ wǔ qiān hú, zá zēng wàn pǐ, tā rú gù yuē, zé biān bù xiàng dào yǐ. [Pinyin]

     "If you desire to establish a significant relationship with Han, tak[ing? e?] Han women as wives, annually provide us with ten thousand stones of rice wine, five thousand bushels of millet, and ten thousand pieces of mixed silk— if these terms are agreed upon, then there will be no thefts along the border."

2. (literary) bright; clear
3. ^† Alternative form of 愷／恺 (kǎi, “peaceful; harmonious”)

Compounds

• 闓懌／闿怿
• 闓闡／闿阐

 

References

• “闓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

闓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. open
2. peaceful

Readings

• On (unclassified): かい (kai)
• Kun: ひらく (hiraku, 闓く)

Korean

Hanja

闓 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.